金属盐改性煤渣吸附剂的制备及除氟分析-preparation and defluorination analysis of metal salt modified cinder adsorbent.docxVIP

论文题目：金属盐改性煤渣吸附剂的制备及除氟研究专业：化学硕士生：王丽娟签名：指导教师：沈俊菊签名：摘要本文为了提高工业废弃煤渣的除氟能力，以煤渣和金属盐为原料，用负载法制备了氯化镁改性煤渣(MgMC)和氯化钙改性煤渣(CaMC)除氟吸附剂，以除氟率为指标，对制备条件进行了优化。利用SEM、EDX、PXRD、IR、TG及BET对煤渣、改性煤渣及吸附F?后的改性煤渣进行了表征。结果表明：与煤渣相比，MgMC和CaMC的比表面积虽有所减小，但对F?的吸附能力都提高了，Mg和Ca在除氟过程中起了关键性作用。由单因素吸附实验可知：MgMC和CaMC都有较好的除氟效果，在50mLC0(F?)为30mg/L的含氟溶液中，吸附剂投加量为1.5g时，MgMC吸附300min后达到平衡，CaMC在120min后达到吸附平衡。溶液初始pH对MgMC和CaMC除氟效果的影响均较小，pH在2~11的范围内MgMC的除氟率达到90%以上，pH在3~10的范围内CaMC的除氟率达到80%以上。此外，当共存阴离子的浓度较高时，MgMC和CaMC除氟时受不同阴离子影响的顺序相同，即HCO3?SO42?NO3?Cl?。吸附过程的等温吸附特征、吸附动力学和热力学的研究结果表明：MgMC和CaMC对不同浓度F?的吸附均符合Langmuir吸附等温方程和表观二级动力学模型，RL值均在0~1的范围内，表明MgMC和CaMC对F?的吸附均是有利的。MgMC除氟过程中，吸附速率受液膜扩散和粒子内扩散共同影响。CaMC除氟的速率控制步骤与浓度有关，当F?浓度较低时，粒子内扩散和液膜扩散共同控制着吸附速率；当F?浓度较高时，吸附速率由液膜扩散控制。热力学参数表明F?在MgMC和CaMC上的吸附都是自发进行的。【关键词】改性煤渣氯化镁氯化钙吸附除氟【论文类型】基础Title：PreparationandfluorideremovalofmetalsaltmodifiedcinderMajor：ChemistryName：WanglijuanSignature：Supervisor：ShenjunjuSignature：AbstractInthispaper,toimproveindustrialwastecinderadsorptioncapacityforfluoride,magnesiumchloridemodifiedcinder(MgMC)andcalciumchloridemodifiedcinder(CaMC)weresynthesizedbyloadmethod.Withdefluoridationefficiencyasanindex,variousoperationalconditionswereoptimized.ThephysicochemicalpropertiesofcinderandmodifiedcinderandmodifiedcinderafterF?adsorptionwerecharacterizedbySEM,EDX,PXRD,IR,TGandBET.TheresultsshowedthatthespecificsurfaceareaofMgMCandCaMCwerereducedcomparedwithcinder,butdefluoridationefficiencieswereincreased.ItwasconcludedthatMgandCaplayedaimportantroleintheprocessofdefluoridation.BatchadsorptionexperimentaldatarevealedthatMgMCandCaMChadstrongeradsorptionaffinitytoF?.When1.5gMgMCandCaMCwereaddedto50mLsolutionwiththeinitialF?concentrationof30mg/L,adsorptionequilibriumswereestablishedafter300minforMgMCand120minforCaMC,respectively.TheinitialpHofsolutionhadlittleinfluenceonthedefluoridationefficienciesof3?MgMCandCaMC.Defluoridationefficiencieswereabove90%inpHrangeof2~11forMgMCandabove80%inpHrangeof3~10forCaMC.Inaddition,defluoridationefficienciesofMgMCandCaMCwerealsoaffectedbycoex