孔多塞历史哲学分析-an analysis of condorcets historical philosophy.docxVIP

摘要摘要孔多塞的历史哲学是 18 世纪理性主义历史进步观的最高成就。他的历史哲学思想 主要体现在《人类精神进步史表纲要》中，他将人类历史划分为十个时期，其中阐发了 人类向终极完善的道路上不断进步的观点。在孔多塞的历史哲学思想中，最重要的是历史进步主义。他提出通过进步史观来研 究社会历史，认为凭借理性，人类可以走向一个美好和进步的未来；他还提出了概率统 计的方法，自然科学的研究方法运用于社会科学领域，形成一种严密精确的社会科学。 他认为，这可以为制定民主和理性的社会政策提供科学的依据，从而促使人类向完美化 的目标前进。孔多塞历史哲学的形成，对社会进步起了重要的作用。他认为人类进步的 历史是以理性的发展为规律的。他把理性看作人类进步的动力，促使人们积极的追求自 由和平等。在人类理性不断完善的基础上，个人及社会的发展是无限的。孔多塞是西方 历史哲学中历史进步观的奠基者之一，他推动了整个哲学研究的发展。孔多塞的历史观是其历史哲学的精髓，是他的历史哲学研究的基础。在研究孔多塞 历史哲学时，应遵循以从史实出发认清事物的两面性，我们不难发现在孔多塞历史哲学 中存在盲目的乐观主义和历史观的空想性等问题。关键词孔多塞历史哲学理性 进步观AbstractAbstractCondorcet’s philosophy of history is the highest achievement of 18th century rationalism historical view of progress. His thought of philosophy of history is reflected in The Progress of the Human Spirit History Table Platform, in which he discussed the point of view on the ultimate way of human progress.In Condorcet’s thought of philosophy of history, the most important is the history progressivism. He introduces a view of history progress to study social history, he thinks that, human beings can move forward bright and progressive future through ration. He also proposes the probability calculation method by which the research methods of natural sciences used in social sciences. He believed that this can provide a scientific basis for the development of democracy and rational social policy, and contribute to the goal of human perfection. The Condorcet’s philosophy of history played an important role in the progress of society. The history of human progress is a natural historical process of rational development. He thought of ration as the driving force of human progress, pursued freedom and equality actively. He believed that on the basis of the human reason the development of individuals and society is unlimited. Condorcet is one of the founders of the conception of history of progress in Western philosophy of history. He had promoted the development of the study in philosophy .Condorcet’s history are the essence of the philosophy of histor