2019版高考英语大一轮复习层级化晋级写作层级二词靓句高赢高分九用途各异的被动语态虚拟语气倍数和比较句型讲义.docVIP

学案(九)　用途各异的被动语态、虚拟语气、倍数和比较句型 被动语态、虚拟语气、倍数和比较句型等在写作中都属于高级句式，它们的合理运用都能给作文增色添彩。 一、用英文思维的被动语态 英文中被动语态的使用比汉语更多、更普遍。一般说来，当强调动作的承受者、不必说出动作的执行者或执行者不明确时，多用被动语态。被动语态因为更突出客观事实而被广泛使用。所以考生在写作时也应该注意多用被动语态，以赢得更高的分数。 1．主动语态变被动语态 ①We can borrow at most five books at a time, and we can keep them for ten days. →At most five books can be borrowed at a time and they can be kept for ten days. ②When we put some waste chemicals into the sea, they can hurt or kill animals and fish. →When some waste chemicals are put into the sea, they can hurt or kill animals and fish. 2．写作中常见的被动语态 (1)be＋过去分词(be可使用各种时态) ①The exhibition will be held from 9：00 am to 5：00 pm the day after tomorrow in the art gallery.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达) 展览将于后天上午9时至下午5时在美术馆举行。 ②Nowadays, more and more English words are being used in the Chinese language.(2014·江苏高考书面表达) 当今，越来越多的英语词汇正在汉语中使用。 (2)情态动词＋be＋过去分词 ①To improve the air quality, the use of private cars should be reduced. 为了提高空气质量，应该减少使用私家车。 ②As can be seen from the chart, more and more people own mobile phones in China now. 正如从表中所看到的，如今在中国拥有手机的人越来越多。 (3)get＋过去分词 ①The entrance to the parking place was too small and often got blocked.(2014·北京高考满分作文) 通往存车处的入口太小了，经常堵车。 ②I’m feeling very sorry to tell you that I have to change our plan to visit Yunnan in July, because my left foot got injured.(2014·北京高考满分作文) 我很抱歉地告诉你我不得不改变我们七月份去云南旅游的计划，因为我的左脚受伤了。 [即时演练]　句型转换(主动语态变被动语态) 1．Above all, we must do something to stop pollution. →Above_all,_something_must_be_done_to_stop_pollution. 2．It is true that many things determine our future. →It_is_true_that_our_future_is_determined_by_many_things. 3．The boss made him work all day long. →He_was_made_to_work_all_day_long. 4．I suggest that you (should) make friends with people having different characteristics or backgrounds. →It_is_suggested_that_you_(should)_make_friends_with_people_having_different_characteristics_or_backgrounds. 二、委婉动听的虚拟语气 虚拟语气是高中阶段较难掌握的句型之一，在运用时要注意表达的准确性。在高考作文中，不常需要表达不可能实现的非真实条件，而一般表达要求、愿望或者强调论述观点的客观性。 1．陈述语气变虚拟语气 ①I didnt take h