及要素.pptVIP

Analyzing Theme Does the theme emerge organically and naturally, or does the author seem to force the theme upon the work? What is the value or significance of the work s theme? Is it topical or universal in its application? * Style The words that tell the story * Style Style is highly individualistic. The better the writer, the more the writer’s words fit the precise situation called for in the story. Jonathan Swift defined style as the right words in the right place. We may add that style is also the right words at the right time and in the right circumstances. * Style diction syntax The arrangement of those words and phrases, clauses, and sentences The individual words an author chooses As well as such devices as rhythm and sound, allusion, ambiguity, irony, paradox and figurative language * Elements of style * Diction: choice of words The denotative meaning or words, as opposed to their connotative meaning Degree of concreteness or abstractness Degree of allusiveness Parts of speech they represent Length and construction The level of usage they reflect (standard or nonstandard; formal or informal or colloquial) Imagery (details of sensory experience) Rhythm and sound patterns (onomatopoeia, etc) * Syntax: Construction of Sentences In terms of their length Short long and involved * In terms of their form Simple Compound or complex * In terms of their construction Loose: follow the normal pattern of subject-verb-object pattern stating their main idea near the beginning in the form of an independent clause Periodic: deliberately withhold or suspend the completion of the idea until the end of the sentence Balanced: two similar or antithetical ideas are balanced * Effect of the sentences Long, complicated sentences: Slow down and retard the pace of a narrative Short, simple sentences: Hasten the pace of a narrative * Effect of the sentences Loose sentences: Appear more natural and less contrived than either periodic or balanced sente