儿科学经典教学课件-10急性惊厥.pptVIP

Acute convulsion in Children JIANG Li Professor, Doctorial tutor Department of Neurology Children’s Hospital of CMU contents Definitions Causes of acute convulsion Febrile seizures Bacterial Meningitis Exams and Tests for convulsion Treatment of acute convulsion Definitions Epileptic Seizures（癫痫发作） · manifestation of transient excessive abnormal hypersynchronous discharges of cortical neurons · Clinical signs or symptoms of seizures depend on the location of the epileptic discharges in the cortex and the extent and pattern of the propagation of the epileptic discharge in the brain. May be manifested as a motor, sensory, autonomic, cognitive, or psychic disturbance · manifestation is apparent either to the subject or an observer Different types of seizures may occur in different parts of the brain and may be localized (affect only a part of the body) or widespread (affect the whole body). Definitions Convulsive seizures (惊厥性癫痫发作，convulsion 惊厥): is a subtype of seizure in which abnormal motor activity occurs, noted by uncontrollable muscle jerking Epilepsy（癫痫）: a chronic disorder of the brain characterized by recurrent, unprovoked epileptic seizures. 惊厥（Convulsion） 神经元异常放电：起源于大脑皮层运动区 脑功能障碍基本表现：抽搐（全身或局部骨骼肌的不自主收缩） 可伴有不同程度意识障碍 Classification of Epileptic Seizures (International League Against Epilepsy,1981) 癫痫发作、惊厥、癫痫 癫痫发作(Epileptic Seizures)：发作性大脑皮层功能异常所引起的多种临床症状 惊厥(convulsion) ：伴有骨骼肌强烈、不自主收缩的痫性发作 癫痫(epilepsy) ：临床呈长期反复痫性发作的疾病过程 Convulsion in childhood High incidence: 4-6% in the children younger than 6yr Easily with prolonged convulsion or status convulsion Status convulsion（惊厥持续状态): a convulsion lasting longer than 30 minutes or repeated convulsion without a return to normal in between them usually with minim or subtle seizure in the babies Seizures may occur for many reasons contents Definitions (Seizure, Convulsion, Epilepsy) Causes of acute convulsions Febrile seizures Bacterial Meningitis Exams and Tests for convul