制造业上市公司审计意见影响因素分析-analysis on influencing factors of audit opinions of listed manufacturing companies.docxVIP
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制造业上市公司审计意见影响因素分析-analysis on influencing factors of audit opinions of listed manufacturing companies
摘要审计受托经济责任的动因理论说明财务报表使用者的决策依赖于受托人提供的经过审计后的财务报表,受托经济责任理论是上市公司财务审计存在动因的最好解释。财务报表使用者需要依靠审计意见类型判断财务报告的可信性。由于两权分离产生了受托经济责任,就需要独立的第三方来解除这种受托经济责任,即产生审计需求。审计是一项系统性的过程,具有高度的不可见性。审计报告是审计活动的成果,其中重要的一部分审计意见代表注册会计师对上市公司财务报表的合法性和公允性的职业判断,一直是利益相关者做出决策的重要依据。注册会计师为何出具不同类型的审计报告,学者开始从不同的角度研究分析到底那些因素影响注册会计师的专业判断。本文在简单介绍审计意见的相关理论基础上,结合国内外关于审计意见影响因素研究,先从理论分析哪些因素可能影响审计意见的类型,然后着重对我国制造业上市公司进行实证研究。实证研究时,选取公司财务角度和会计师事务所角度共14个代表性的变量进行分析。首先是各项指标在不同审计意见类型的描述性统计分析,初步检验假设是否成立,然后将制造业的样本数据运用SPSS11.5进行Logistic回归分析。实证结果显示两种不同审计类型的制造业上市公司,存在一定的差异性,具体表现在净资产收益率、资产报酬率、审计年度是否亏损、现金流量比率、可持续增长率这些指标,并且差异显著。本文研究结论为:收到标准审计意见的公司与收到非标准审计意见的公司在指标上存在明显的差异性,差异主要表现在财务数据方面。本文的研究对注册会计师、财务报告使用者、广大投资者、政府监管机构和其他利益相关者均具有参考价值。如审计人员所在的会计师事务所可以用来降低诉讼风险,可以为社会大众理性投资提供一些新思路,可以为监管机构复核提供建议,其他利益相关者可以用来降低投资风险等。本文的创新之处是将会计师事务所角度的变量予以量化,尝试进入模型进行实证分析,同时注重制造业行业特点,结论对制造业更准确。关键词:制造业;财务指标;审计意见IIIAbstractMotivationtheoryoftrusteeofeconomicresponsibilityindicatesusersdependonthetrusteesfinancialstatements.Thistheoryisthebestexplanationofauditing.thetypeofauditopinioncangiveusersthecredibilityofcorporation.Duetotheseparationofownershipandmanagementrights,thengenerateauditrequirements.Theauditisasystematicprocess,withahighdegreeofinvisibility.Theauditreportistheoutcomeoftheauditactivities.Thereisanimportantpartnamedauditopinion.Thisrepresentstheprofessionaljudgmentoftheauditor.WhyCertifiedPublicAccountantissuesdifferenttypesofauditopinion.Fromdifferentperspective,Scholarsanalyzefactorsthataffecttheoutcome.Inthispaper,thereisbriefexplanationaboutauditingtheory.Whatarethefactorsthatmayaffectthedifferenttypeofauditopinionfromtheory?ThenIlayemphasisonempiricalresearch.Ichoose14variablestoanalyze.First,thereisgeneraldescriptionaboutvariable.ThenIusethespss11.5toanalyze.thereisgreatdifferencebetweentwokindsofopinion.Inspecific,suchasROA,ROE,SustainableGrowthRate.Atlast,thereisgreatdifferencebetweenthem.Theresearchinthistextismeaningfultoauditors,auditreportusers,socialpublic,governmentmonitorunitsandotherinterestrelatedpersons.Certifiedpublicaccounta
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