自组光学望远镜并量其放大率-毕业论文.docxVIP

自组光学望远镜并测量其放大率摘　　要望远镜是最常见的助视仪器并且常常和其他的仪器组合使用。了解望远镜的工作原理和结构，望远系统各个参数的定义和作用，不仅可以加深对光学系统的认识，还可以收获其他相关知识，以后使用其他相关仪器时更加得心应手。望远镜通常分为伽利略望远镜和开普勒望远镜。本次实验测量精度不是很高，但实验性很强，需要一定的动手能力和分析问题能力。本文设计的是开普勒式单筒望远镜。在整个设计过程中根据望远系统成像原理对镜筒、物镜、转像透镜、目镜、光阑等一系列参数进行设计、计算。并根据计算结果对所需光学元件进行选择。然后按照光路图进行组装。组装完成后通过成像公式法和物像比较法测量自组光学望远镜的放大率。在实验中，参阅大量有关资料，考虑实际情况，对实验中的数据进行分析总结，得出其放大率，和原先设计组装时望远镜放大率的期望值进行比较，分析造成误差的因素。最后对本次设计作品进行总结，对以后改进自组望远镜有重要意义。关键词：自组望远镜；透镜；放大率Self-assembled optical telescope and measure its magnificationAbstractTelescope is the most common vision aid instrument and is often combined to other instruments for use. To know and master the structure principle, adjusting method, the magnification concept and measurement method of telescopes, not only helps us deepen understanding of the imaging principle of lens, but also help us use other optical instruments properly. The telescope is divided into Galileo telescope and Kepler. Though its measuring accuracy is not high, the experiment in this paper, is very experimental, and needs certain practical and analysis capability. The telescope designed in this paper is a Kepler.In the design process, a series of parameters, including the focal length of the objective lens, focal length of changing imaging lens, and the focal length of eyepiece, were designed and calculated according to the imaging principle of the telescope, then the proper optical elements were chosen according to the calculated results, and all elements were assembled according to its optical path. After the assembly, the magnification of self-assembled optical telescope was measured in accordance with the imaging formula. In the experiment, a large number of materials were referred. Considering the actual situation, the author analyzed and summarized the experimental data to conclude the magnification. The expected magnification in original design was compared with the actual data to analyze the factors that caused the error. The experiment has important significance for future i