Grammar RevisionDirect Speech Indirect Speech (1)直接引语和间接.pptVIP

* Grammar Revision Direct Speech Indirect Speech (1) 直接引语和间接引语 Direct Speech （直接引语） 在引用被人的原话时，被引用的句子称 为直接引语。引导直接引语的动词常常 为say, ask, answer, reply, tell等。引 用动词有时放在前面，但多数放在后面。 He said, “I have lost my wallet.” “I never eat meat,”I told him. I asked her, “What’s the matter?” “Nothing.” she answered. 其它引导直接引语的动词还有： “Listen,” she whispered. “Who is it?” Lily shouted. “Look out!” she screamed. “It won’t cost much,” she assured me. “But it will take longer,” Jim objected. 引用动词有时还可放在引语中间。 “Darling,” Max said to her, “don’t say it’s impossible. “Sit up,” he commanded, “and hold out your hands.” “I do hope,” Mary said, “they haven’t forgotten all about it.” 在把引用动词放在后面或中间时， 主语和动词的位置可以颠倒。 “We wish we didn’t have to take exams,” said the children. “Bill wants to go alone,” said Lily, “but I’d rather he went with a group.” Indirect Speech （间接引语） 当用自己的话转述别人的话时， 被转述的部分称为间接引语。 引导间接引语的动词有：say, reply, tell, answer, explain, promise, admit,complain 等。被引用部分通常是这些动词的宾语。 She said she could wait another day. Tom replied that he was going by plane. He complained that the exam was too hard. John promised he wouldn’t tell anyone. 直接引语变为间接引语时的变化： 人称和时态的变化: 一般现在时 ? 一般过去时 She said, “You speak English better than me.” ? She said that I spoke English better than her. 2) 一般将来时 ? 过去将来时 Nancy said, “I’ll call you again later.” ? Nancy said that she would call me again later. 3) 现在进行时 ? 过去进行时 He said, “I’m expecting a phone call.” ? He said that he was expecting a phone call. 4) 一般过去时 ? 过去完成时 He said, “I took it home with me.” ? He said that he had taken it home with him. ﹡一般过去时如有具体时间状语时，可以不变。 She said, “I was born in 1995.” ? She said that she was born in 1995. 5) 现在完成时 ? 过去完成时 Paul said, “Our team has won the match.” ? Paul said that their team had won the match. 2. 时间状语的变化： two days before the day before yesterday the day before yesterday yesterday that week (month, etc) this week (month, etc) that day, that night today, tonight then now 间接引语 直接引语