水动力-水质模型在人工湖优化设计中的应用.doc

水动力－水质模型在人工湖优化设计中的应用 哈佳 顾霜妹 孟潇 薛海 作者：哈佳 顾霜妹 孟潇 薛海 摘要: 以青海省德令哈市人工湖为例，介绍了MIKE 水动力－水质耦合模型在人工湖引水流量及湖体形态优化设计中的应用情况。通过对人工湖形态的网格划分，在大量模拟方案的基础上，系统模拟了人工湖不同点位的水体交换完成时间，确定了2 条引水渠道的引水流量和引水周期; 通过人工湖“新”、“老”水体的对流扩散模拟，确定了湖体重污染潜在区域和富营养化高发区，为湖体形态和水体流态的优化提供了重要技术支撑; 通过对风场叠加方案的模拟，为工程运行期间换水时机的选择提供了关键的参考依据。 关键词: 水环境; MIKE 水动力-水质耦合模型; 人工湖; 优化设计 中图分类号: TV213．9 文献标志码: A doi: 10．3969/j．issn．1000-1379．2013．11．020 Application of Hydrodynamic Water Quality Model in the Artificial Lake Optimization Design HA Jia1 ，GU Shuang-mei2 ，MENG Xiao1 ，XUE Hai3 Abstract: Taking the artificial lake at Delingha City in Qinghai Province for an example，this paper introduced the application of hydrodynamic water quality model in the optimization designs of the flow of water division and overall morphology of the artificial lake．Utilizing the most advanced MIKE hydrodynamic water quality coupled model and meshing the artificial lake，this paper systematically simulated the completion time of water exchange of different points in the artificial lake and determined the water division flow and water cycle of two division channels，based on a large number of modeling schemes．By the simulation of the convective diffusion between the new and the old water body in the artificial lake，this paper determined the potential severe pollution area and high incidence area of eutrophication，which provided technical support for the optimization design of lake morphology and water flow pattern．Meanwhile，by the modeling of the wind field overlay scheme，this paper provided reference basis for the water exchange time selection in the project running period． Key words: water environment; MIKE hydrodynamic water quality coupling model; artificial lake; optimal design 1 研究背景 青海省德令哈市水资源丰富，巴音河自北向南穿城而过并在老城区内形成水网，但在规划的新的行政中心区没有成片的集中水面。为了美化城市面貌，提升城市环境质量，打造“魅力、宜居的生态城市”，市政府提出在行政中心核心区域通过合理开挖，利用巴音河水资源，从总干渠引水，蓄水形成人工湖，配合周边生态景观工程构建整个行政中心核心生态景观区域(见图1) 。 在项目补水水源和湖区水环境保护目标明确的前提下，设计过程中有以下几个需要解决的关键技术难点:①在湖区蓄水规模确定情况下，湖体的平面形态和湖底形态的设计。也就是什么样的湖体平面形态和湖底断面形态能更大