自动变速箱构造及动力传递毕业设计.doc

自动变速箱构造及动力传递 【摘要】 变速器由传动机构和变速机构组成，可制成单独变速机构或与传动机构合装在同一壳体内。传动机构大多用普通齿轮传动，也有的用行星齿轮传动。普通齿轮传动变速机构一般用滑移齿轮和离合器等。滑移齿轮有多联滑移齿轮和变位滑移齿轮之分。用三联滑移齿轮变速，轴向尺寸大;用变位滑移齿轮变速 ，结构紧凑 ，但传动比变化小。离合器有啮合式和摩擦式之分.汉德车桥用啮合式离合器时，变速应在停车或转速差很小时进行，用摩擦式离合器可在运转中任意转速差时进行变速，但承载能力小，且不能保证两轴严格同步。为克服这一缺点，在啮合式离合器上装以摩擦片，变速时先靠摩擦片把从动轮带到同步转速后再进行接合。行星齿轮传动变速器可用制动器控制变速。变速器广泛用于机床、车辆和其他需要变速的机装在变速器器上机床主轴常内，所以又也叫主轴箱，其结构紧凑，便于集中操作。在机床上用以改变进给量的变速器称为进给箱。 汽车变速器是通过改变传动比，改变发动机曲轴的转拒，适应在起步、加速、行驶以及克服各种道路阻碍等不同行驶条件下对驱动车轮牵引力及车速不同要求的需要。通俗上分为手动变速器(MT)，自动变速器(AT)， 手动/自动变速器，无级式变速器。 汽车变速器一般由前箱体和后箱体组成。 By the transmission mechanism and variable speed transmission mechanism composition, can be made into separate agencies or and variable speed drive mechanism and put in the same casing. Most ordinary gear transmission mechanism with transmission, also some with planetary gear transmission. The ordinary gear transmission speed changing institutions in general in sliding gears and clutch, etc. Sliding gears have split sliding gears and modification of the sliding gears points. Press with sliding gear train, the axial dimensions; Use positioner gear sliding variable speed, structure compact, but transmission ratio change small. The clutch engagement type and friction type has the points. Han DE with mesh type clutch bridge, variable speed should be in parking or rotation speed difference very hours, with the friction type clutch can be arbitrary rotation speed difference in operation in variable speed, but carrying capacity is small, and can't guarantee two axis strictly synchronization. In order to overcome the disadvantages, in mesh type clutch jacket to friction piece, shifting first by friction slice driven pulley to synchronous speed again joint. Planetary gear transmission gearbox can be used brake controls variable speed. The transmission is widely used in machine tools, vehicles and other needs of variable speed on the machine. Spindle often packed in transmission inside, so they are also called spindle box, the structure is compact, easy