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numbers and viscosity. However, the value of η decreases with the increase
of curvature ratio(η has higher values when a/R ≤0.16), and increases
c
within a certain Reynolds number range but decreases afterward(the values
of η are relatively high when the Reynolds number ranges between 1520
and 5000), meanwhile having unclear varing trend with the increase of
torsion. It just grows with the the increase of the fluid viscosity(the value
could go up to 1.5), which suggests that the helical tubes have a better
comprehensive performance of heat transfer enhancemennt than straight
tube, especially under the fluid with high viscosity.
The mechanism of heat transfer enhancement by Dean vortices in
helical tubes mainly attributes to the convection effect and shearing action
of Dean vortices. In addition, relationships between Nusselt number and
Dean number, Pressure drop and Dean number, evaluation factor η and
Dean number are obtained on the basis of experiment results. And the
correlation equations are obtained by multiple regression method.
Flow characteristic of Dean Vortices and its heat transfer enhancement
mechanism are further studied in this paper, which could improve the heat
transfer performance in tube side and is of great significance to the design
and engineering application of shell and tube heat transfer exchangers.
Key words: helical tube, Dean vortices, Nusselt number, Pressure drop
III
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