眼视光课件.ppt

Classification According to diopter lower +3.00D middle +3.00D~+5.00D high +5.00D Hyperopia Clinical manifestations If hyperopia is not too great,a young person may obtain both a sharp distant image and a sharp near image by accommodating. However,the amount decreases with age as presbyopia (decrease in ability to accommodate) increases. Hyperopia Clinical manifestations Depend on the degree (diopter) of hyperopia and age Vision: three states normal / normal normal / abnormal abnormal / abnormal Hyperopia manifestations Accommodative esotropia There is a reflex correlation between accommodation and convergence of two eyes,therefore hyperopia is a frequent cause of esotropia Amblyopia Ahead of presbyopia Astigmatism Definition : In astigmatism , the eye produces an image with multiple focal point or lines. Astigmatism Classification Regular Astigmatism with the rule Irregular Astigmatism against the rule Oblique astigmatism Astigmatism Manifestations vision of astigmatism Normal (slight astigmatism) Poor vision (marked astigmatism) for both distance and near Amblyopia Anisometropia Definition Anisometropia is a difference in refractive error between the two eyes If 2.5D Blur Fusion difficult No single binocular vision Amblyopia Presbyopia Definition The loss of accommodation that comes with aging to all people is called presbyopia . (Old-age-sight) Manifestations The near vision becomes progressively worse Correction of presbyopia First: correction of refractive error Second: the glasses for near sight Correction of ametropia The principle of correction Sufficient comfortable Glasses Myopia: concave lens Hyperopia: convex lens Astigmatism: cylindrical lens Correction of ametropia Contact lens Soft le