The mportance of LowEnergy Solar Neutrino Experiments低能量太阳中微子实验的重要性.pptVIP

The Importance of Low-EnergySolar Neutrino Experiments Thomas Bowles Los Alamos National Laboratory Standard Solar Model What We Know Flux of 8B n’s has a large non-ne component Survival probability Pee for En 5 MeV is essentially independent of En Pee for n’s of lower energy (p-p) is larger There is no significant ( 2s) D/N asymmetry Neutrino Oscillations Reactor Neutrino Experiment Neutrino Properties Neutrino Properties * Markov Symposium Institute for Nuclear Research 5/13/05 Nuclear Physics Nuclear Physics Comparison of measured rates and Standard Solar Model (After 30+ years of effort) Nuclear Physics Flavor Content of the Solar 8B Neutrino Flux Nuclear Physics CC Interaction ES Interaction NC Interaction Sensitive to electron neutrinos only Sensitive to all flavors, but most sensitive to electron neutrinos Equally sensitive to all flavours Detecting Neutrinos in SNO All observations are consistent with the following hypotheses: Mass-induced flavor oscillations (with LMA as the favored solution) Nuclear Physics Nuclear Physics States evolve with time or distance Flavor eigenstates are a mixture of mass eigenstates If neutrinos have mass leptons can mix: The ne survival probability for two flavor mixing is: Nuclear Physics Terrestrial Neutrinos KamLAND is a 1 kton liquid scintillator detector that observes from a number of reactors in Japan at an average distance of 180 km Photomultipliers (NOBS - NBG)/NEXP = 0.611 ± 0.085 (stat) ± 0.041 (syst) KamLAND observes a significant deficit of neutrinos and confirms solar neutrino LMA neutrino oscillation solution Nuclear Physics What We Know There are 3 types of neutrinos : ne , nm , nt Neutrinos have mass and oscillate Oscillation parameters (Dm2 and tan2q) known to ~ 30% Neutrino masses are small 50 meV mn 2.8 eV (90% CL) Lower limit from atmospheric neutrino results Upper limit from tritium beta decay results Neutrinos account for at least as much mass in the Universe as t