微分学中值理毕业论文.doc

摘 要 微分学中值定理是微分学的核心内容，是数学分析中一个重要部分，占有举足轻重的地位，作为学习数学的我们，学习微分学是学习数学的基础，可以使我们更好的掌握和学好数学分析.微分学中值定理包括四个定理，即罗尔中值定理，拉格朗日中值定理，柯西中值定理和泰勒中值定理，本文讲述了各定理的概念以及各定理之间的内在联系，中值定理的认识和学习尤为重要，通过我们认真学习掌握了微分中值定理的本质和意义.与此同时，微分中值定理的应用也至关重要，一般来说，微分学中值定理的基础应用主要有四个方面：讨论方程根（零点）的存在性，近似值，不等式的证明，等式的证明，通过这四个方面的应用，我们可以深层次的挖掘微分中值定理的意义，再次研究微分中值定理的性质，对研究生的学术研究颇为重要. 关键词:等式证明;不等式证明;方程根（零点）存在性;近似值.  Abstract Value theorem in differential calculus is the core content of differential calculus, is an important part in mathematical analysis, occupies an essential position, as we will learn math, learning mid-value theorem is the basis of learning mathematics , differential calculus enables us to better grasp and learn mathematics analysis. This thesis has been introduced four different theorems ,including Lagrange theorem and Cauchy mid-value theorem Taylor mean value theorem and the internal relations between the theorem. by the understanding of value theorem in differential calculus and studying, we have mastered differential mean value theorem and in all aspects of the application, the application of value theorem in differential calculus are: for example, proved that when an in equation discuss the existence of the equation root(zero point)and the application of approximation and so forth. Through these four aspects of application, we can deeply dig the meaning of the differential mean value theorem, to learn the properties of differential mean value theorem, again for the graduate students academic studies are significant. Keywords： equation to prove ; in equation to prove; the discussion of the roots (zero) in existence ; approximate value. 目录 摘 要 I Abstract II 1 引言 1 2 微分学中值定理的定义 1 2.1 预备知识 1 2.2费马引理 2 2.3罗尔中值定理 3 2.4拉格朗日中值定理 4 2.5柯西中值定理 6 2.6泰勒中值定理 10 3 微分学中值定理之间的关系 10 4 微分学中值定理的应用 11 4.1 罗尔定理的应用 11 4.2 拉格朗日中值定理的应用 13 4.3柯西中值定理的应用 16 4.4泰勒中值定理的应用 18 结束语 20 参考文献 21 致谢 22 1 引言 微分学中值定理的研究开始于17世纪初期，起初由著名数学家费马提出了费马引理，那时候人们已经对微分学中值定理有了初步的了解，逐渐地，人们对费马引理不断的探索和研究，由著名数学家罗尔