人教版高中英选修六第6讲Unit3Ahealthylife语法篇.docxVIP

Unit3 A healthy life-语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________掌握it的用法；理解并巩固it的各种用法并能正确使用；It的用法一、it 作人称代词1. it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:Xi’an is?a?beautiful?city, isn’t?it?2. 也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):Is this your dog? No, it isn’t.二、it作非人称代词it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等，称为非人称的it：1. 指天气： It is a lovely day, isn’t?it? It is a bit windy.2. 指时间：It was nearly midnight when she came back.3. 指环境：It was very quiet in?the?café. 4. 指距离： It is half an hour’s?walk?to the city centre from my home.5. 指日期： --Whats the date today? --Its May 1, 2007.6. 指季节： It is summer now.7. 指度量： It is about 5 kilograms.8. 指价值： ---Whats the cost of the T-shirt? ----It is 150 yuan.三、it用作形式主语替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。1. 代作主语的动词不定式(1) It +be+ adj.+（for sb.）to do sth.此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless, dangerous…It is illegal（for a teenager）to drive a car without a license.　　(2) It +be+ adj. of sb. to do sth.此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy.Its kind of you to help me with the problem.(3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型Its no good/use doing…Its（well）worth doing…Its（well）worthwhile doing/ to doIts no use crying over spilt milk.2. it作形式主语替代主语从句①It+ be+ adj. +clause It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain …) that ...该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然, 真的……）” 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。例如：It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. ②It +be +v-ed +that…=sb./sth.+be+ to do It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....) that ... 该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句；该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉. . . ）”。It is reported that another e