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清代杜诗辨伪学史分析-an analysis of the history of dufus poems in qing dynasty
摘要杜甫创作的诗歌多达一千四百余首,历代学者不断地对杜甫流传下来的诗歌进行收集、整理,有的还编纂成了各种集注本。从最初宋代的“二王本”《杜工部集》到清代集大成的仇兆鳌之《杜诗详注》,纵观这些层出不穷的杜诗版本,可以发现,它们所收录的杜诗在数量和篇目上有所差异。除学界公认的杜甫正集中的诗歌外,在宋代杜诗集子中还出现了一些所谓的“新添”诗、“集外诗”、“逸诗拾遗”等,有人认为这些诗歌是杜甫的创作、有人则认为是伪作。还有些诗歌散见于他人诗集之中,即所谓互见之作。于是,在杜诗辑佚过程中就产生了有关诗歌的真伪及其作者归属认定的问题,这在杜诗学界展开了长期的论争。杜诗的辑佚与辨伪互相促进,互为表里,形成了丰富而复杂的学术形态。本论文就以杜诗辑佚与辨伪学史为研究对象,以清代杜诗辨伪学史之研究为主轴,首先考察宋代之杜诗辑佚过程,并以此为研究背景,引出并论析清代杜诗辨伪学史的主要发展历程。不仅如此,我们还将通过对杜诗辑佚史和清代辨伪学史的纵向把握,展开讨论、生发观点,以得到与今后杜诗辑佚和辨伪相关的有益启示,以使杜诗辨伪研究在文献缺乏的困境中,坚定步伐。在具体论述中,我们先客观地描述宋元明清具有代表性的杜集版本对杜甫逸诗的增补、辑佚过程,展现杜甫逸诗的留存现状;在论文核心章节,则通过论析李因笃、朱瀚、周春、梁运昌等人的辨伪方法,梳理清代杜诗学者对杜甫逸诗之辨伪概貌,以此为切入点,对清代辨伪学史进行勾勒式的描绘;在此基础上,对清代学者逸诗辨伪的标准进行总结和平议,以期将相对科学、客观的杜诗辨伪标准及历代杜诗在辑佚和辨伪史上的经验教训进行总结和归纳。关键词清代杜诗辑佚史辨伪史标准AbstractPoetryofDufuscreationasmuchasmorethanonethousandfourhundredfirst,allpreviousdynastiesscholarsconstantlytothepoetryofdufuscomedowntocollect,sortout,somehavealsocompiledintovariousvariorum.Fromtheoriginalsongofthe’duministryset’tomasterofQiuZhaoao’s‘DuShiXiangZhu’intheQingdynasty,throughouttheseemergeinendlesslyduversion,canbefoundthattheyareincludedinpoetrydifferinthenumberandtitle.InadditiontothecommunityrecognizedDuFupoetry,insongdynastypoetrycollectionalsoappearedinsomeoftheso-callednewandsets,gleaningsfrompoetry,somepeoplethinkthatpoetryisthecreationofthedufu,whileothersthinkthatisapseudograph.Alsosomepoetryinpoemsreferringtoothers,theso-calledmixedin.Aroundtheauthenticityofthesepoemsandtheirauthorattribution,theDuFuacademicslaunchedalong-termcontroversy.TheDuFuCollectionDistinguishingpromoteseachother,complementarytoeachother,arichandcomplexacademicform.ThepaperstoofDuFuCollectionDiscriminationStudieshistoryastheresearchobject,spindleHistoryofQingDynastyofDuFuDistinguishinglearningFirstexpeditionSongDynastyDuFuCollectionofprocess,andthisresearchbackground,leadsonanalysisQingDynasty,DuFustheDistinguishinghistoryofthemaincourseofdevelopment.Moreover,wewillalsolongitudinalgraspofDuFuCollectionhistoryandthehistoryoftheQingDynastyDistinguishingdiscussthegerminalpointofview,inorderto
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