欠发达地区村庄空心化机制与治理研究——以安徽省怀宁县黄山村为例-research on hollowing-out mechanism and governance of villages in underdeveloped areas - a case study of huangshan village in huaining county, anhui province.docxVIP

欠发达地区村庄空心化机制与治理研究——以安徽省怀宁县黄山村为例内容摘要我国工业化、城镇化快速发展使城乡收入差距越来越大，农村劳动力逐渐向收入较高的城市转移，农村留守人口越来越少，形成了“人走房空”现象，导致村庄内闲置、废弃房屋逐渐增多，土地浪费现象越来越严重，这种现象在我国欠发达地区更为明显。经济发展水平一直处于落后状态的欠发达地区，要想减少与沿海地区贫富差距必须得全面发展，而“三农”问题的解决更是欠发达地区发展的基础，所以处理好村庄空心化问题对实施新农村建设、加快城市化进程、缩小城乡差距、统筹城乡协调发展、促进欠发达地区的整体发展都有直接促进作用，因此治理好村庄空心化问题具有重大的意义。在总结众多学者研究成果的基础上，首先，说明黄山村作为欠发达地区村庄的代表性，分析黄山村总体情况、人口基本状况、土地利用基本状况，并计算出黄山村的空心化率，全面了解黄山村村庄空心化状况；然后，通过定性研究黄山村村庄空心化形成原因，接着，通过定量研究黄山村村庄空心化率的主要影响因素，得出与村庄户均人口数、常年在外劳动力人数、村人均收入、宅化率、人居宅基地面积和初中毕业生升学率显著相关，其中宅化率对黄山村村庄空心化率影响最大；再根据黄山村村庄空心化定性研究与定量研究，归纳出黄山村村庄空心化形成机制；最后，根据黄山村村庄空心化形成机制的分析，从统筹城乡发展的视角提出村庄空心化的治理措施，通过深化体制改革，推进城镇化的进城来安定进城务工人员，放弃农村土地，然后从搞好村镇规划、加大资金投入力度、培养新型职业农民、加强产业结构调整、完善农村基础设施五个方面提出有效措施来吸引一部分人才留在农村为村庄空心化治理和新农村建设服务。关键词：村庄空心化，形成机制，治理研究THESTUDYONTHEMECHANISMANDGOVERNANCEOFVILLAGEHOLLOWINGINLESSDEVELOPEDAREAS_INANHUIPROVINCEWITHHUANGSHANVILLAGEHUAININGCOUNTYASANCASEABSTRACTTherapiddevelopmentofurbanizationandindustrializationofourcountrysothattheincomegapbetweenurbanandruralareasismoreandmorebig.Therurallabortomovetothecitywithhigherincomesothattheruralpopulationislessandless,andgraduallyformedapeoplegoemptyphenomenon.Leadingtothevillagesofidle,abandonedhousesgraduallyincreasedandthelandwastephenomenonismoreandmoreserious.Thiskindofphenomenoninthelessdevelopedregionsismoreobvious.Thelevelofeconomicdevelopmentwithbackwardstateintheunderdevelopedareaswanttoreducethegapbetweentherichandthepoorandthecoastalareasthatmustbeall-rounddevelopment.Solvingthethreeruralproblemsisbasisofthedevelopmentofunderdevelopedareas,sohandlingvillagehollowingproblemshasadirectroleinpromotinggoodgovernanceforimplementingthenewruralconstruction,speedingupthecityurbanization,narrowingthegapbetweenurbanandrural,promotingtheoveralldevelopmentofunderdevelopedareas.Inaword,solvingthevillagehollowingproblemhasimportantsignificance.Basedonsummarizingtheresearchresultsofotherscholars,firstofall,Huangshanvillageastherepresentativevillageinunderdevelopedareashasbeenstate;theoverallsituationanalysisofHuangshanvillage,bas