不同水势对干制辣椒产量和水分利用效率影响研究.docVIP

不同水势对干制辣椒产量和水分利用效率的影响研究 　　摘要:试验主要研究在西北干旱地区膜下滴灌条件下,不同水势处理对干制辣椒产量和水分利用效率的影响,从而确定适合该地区的辣椒滴灌控水下限。试验根据滴头下25 cm深处土壤的基质势设置5个控水下限:-10 kPa、-20 kPa、-30 kPa、-40 kPa和-50 kPa,测量的指标主要有叶面积、株高、土壤水分和产量等。试验结果表明,以-30 kPa为灌水下限的处理具有较高的叶面积指数、株高、最高的辣椒产量和水分利用效率。而控水下限过高和过低均会影响产量。因此在西北干旱地区膜下滴灌条件下,建议干制辣椒的控水下限为-30 kPa。 　　关键词:干制辣椒;水势;产量;水分利用效率;膜下滴灌 　　中图分类号:S278文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-1683(2010)01-0086-04 　　 　　Effects of Soil Water Potential on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Pepper 　　YANG Hui-ying1,LIU Hai-jun1,2,LI Yan1,HUANG Guan-hua3,WANG Feng-xin3 　　(1.College of Water Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;2.State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau,Yangling 712100,China;3.College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China) 　　 　　Abstract: A field experiment was carried out to compare the effects of different soil water potential on yield and water use efficiency of pepper under mulched drip irrigation condition to determine optimal water potential for pepper growth in the arid areas in Northwest China.Five treatments were evaluated based the soil potentials at 25 cm under the ground,they are -10 kPa,-20 kPa,-30 kPa,-40 kPa and -50 kPa.Pepper leaf area,plant height,soil water content and yield were measured.Results showed that pepper yield and water use efficiency are highest,and leaf area index and plant height are similar for the treatment with a potential threshold of -30 kPa as compared to other treatments.Higher or lower potential thresholds will limit plant yield and water use efficiency.Therefore,we recommend -30 kPa as the irrigation threshold for pepper cultivation under mulched drip irrigation in arid areas in the Northwest China. 　　Key words: pepper;soil water potential;yield;water use efficiency;mulched drip irrigation 　　 　　0 引言 　　干制辣椒是一种重要的经济作物,我国干制辣椒年产量约21.5万t,种植面积稳定在3.5万hm2,种植区域主要分布在四川、湖南、贵州、甘肃等省份[1]。甘肃省由于其优越的自然条件,所产干制辣椒的红色素、辣椒素含量较高,品质优异,现在干制辣椒已经在当地广泛种植[2]。然而,甘肃省属于西北内陆干