地虫绝对辣椒地下害虫防效评价.docVIP

地虫绝对辣椒地下害虫防效评价 　　摘 要 地虫绝是一种新研发的环境友好复合型防治地下害虫中试药剂。为科学、合理使用并探讨其对作物生长发育的安全性，采用田间实验比较分析地虫绝对辣椒地下害虫的防治效果及对辣椒生长发育的影响。结果表明，辣椒苗移栽时，用地虫绝乳油1 000倍和1 500倍液浇灌植株或用地虫绝颗粒剂30、45和60 kg/hm2处理土壤，对地下害虫均具有良好防效。经地虫绝处理后，辣椒植株生长正常，且在30 d均未发现地下害虫为害。因此，从经济、高效和轻简化等因素综合考虑，移栽时采用1 000～1 500倍的地虫绝浇灌植株或用30 kg/hm2处理土壤，可有效防治辣椒地下害虫的发生与危害。 　　关键词 地虫绝 ；辣椒 ；地下害虫 ；防效评价 ；生长参数 　　中图法分类号 S433.8 文献标识码 A Doi：10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2017.07.008 　　Control Evaluation of DICHONGJUE Against Soil Pest Insects of Capsicum 　　LU Fuping CHEN Qing WU Chunling LU Hui LIANG Xiao 　　（Environment and Plant Protection Institute， CATAS / Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory 　　of Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural and Forest Invasive Alien Pests， 　　Haikou， Hainan 571101） 　　Abstract DICHONGJUE was a newly developed and non-polluted compound pesticide. In order to control soil pest insects of capsicum with DICHONGJUE scientifically and reasonably， DICHONGJUE was applied to Capsicum in the field to observe and analyze its control effect on soil insects and the growth of Capsicum. The results showed that DICHONGJUE had better control effect on soil pest insects when applied to the seedlings of Capsicum at a dilution volume ratio of 1∶1 000 or 1∶1 500， or to the soil at a rate of 30， 45 and 60 kg/ha at transplanting. No soil pest insects were found 30 days after the treatment， and the Capsicum plants treated grew better. Plant treatment with DICHONGJUE at a dilution volume ratio of 1∶1 000～1 500 or soil treatment at a rate of 30 kg/ha at transplanting could be widely practised to control soil insects considering they were economic， efficient and simple in operation. 　　Keywords DICHONGJUE ； capsicum ； soil insect ； control effect evaluation ； growth parameter 　　地下害?x是指一生或生活史的某一阶段隐蔽生活在土壤中，以危害作物的根、茎、种子及幼苗等为主的一类害虫，种类多，分布广，危害重，防治难度大[1-4]。近年来，地下害虫的发生为害已成为严重影响和威胁我国热带作物产业及当地生态经济发展的重要限制因子之一[5]。蛴螬、蝼蛄、小地老虎等是近年辣椒种植过程中为害较重的地下害虫种类，啃食种子，咬断幼苗，可造成辣椒严重减产，甚至绝收[6-14]。作为海南反季节栽培的主要蔬菜品种，近年来，辣椒地下害虫为害日益严重，轻者导致减产15%～40%，重者甚至绝收[9-10]。长期