城镇化进程中农民工社会权利保障问题分析-analysis on social rights protection of migrant workers in the process of urbanization.docxVIP
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城镇化进程中农民工社会权利保障问题分析-analysis on social rights protection of migrant workers in the process of urbanization
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中文摘要
改革开放以来,随着经济体制的变革,越来越多的农民离开了土地,选择 了城市,由于根深蒂固的城乡二元社会体制的制约,于是在中国出现了一个兼顾 双重身份的特殊群体农民工。这个特殊群体的出现及迅速崛起,促进了城 市面貌的改变和经济社会的快速发展,但是目前他们所收获的却是:经济收入 的微薄,居住环境的简陋,受教育机会的不公正,工作晋升的艰难,社会保障 的欠缺等。同时随着时间的推进,这个社会群体内部也发生了变化新一代 农民工正逐步取代他们的父辈。据调查,目前新一代农民工大约占了近六成。 他们大多是 80 后,接受过一定的教育,有的从小就跟随父母生活在城市,因此 他们比父辈们更期盼能早日融入城市生活,成为一名名副其实的城市市民,但 是现在他们却不能同等地享有和城市市民一样的在社会上生存和发展的社会权 利。虽然,近年来党中央和国务院这定了众多的保护农民工权益的法律政策, 但在现实中由于主客观原因的共同作用,国家仍然不能有效的保护农民工的社 会权利免受侵害。因此在推进城镇化进程,构建社会主义和谐社会的背景下研 究农民工的社会权利保障问题具有重大的现实意义:首先,研究农民工社会权 利保障问题对农民工迅速融入城市生活,尽快转化为城市市民,进而推动城镇 化进程的进一步发展具有重大意义;其次,研究农民工社会权利保障问题,对 于维护社会公平正义、保证经济社会健康,构建社会主义和谐社会同样具有举 足轻重的意义。
本文立足社会现实,运用了文献研究法、多学科交叉研究法、归纳与演绎 相结合的方法、理论联系实际的方法、历史与逻辑相统一的方法等多种方法分 析了城镇化进程中农民工的社会权利保障问题。本文主要涉及以下三部分内容: 第一部分,探讨农民工在新时期推进城镇化进程中的重要作用,并以此为铺垫, 评述了党中央、国务院关于保障农民工社会权利相关政策的演进与取得的成效。 第二部分,结合当前社会实践分析农民工社会权利受损的具体表现,进一步剖 析了农民工社会权利受损的成因,从客观和主观两个角度分析农民工社会权利 受损的原因,为后文的提出解决对策分析提供铺垫。第三部分,根据前一部分 的原因分析,结合现实社会状况,提出保障农民工社会权利的对策和建议。
关键词:城镇化;农民工;社会权利
Abstract
Since the reform and opening up, with the change of economic system, more and more farmers have left the land, selected a city as another home. Because of the constraints of the urban and rural social system ingrained, so the famers became special groups with dual role in China—migrant workers. With this special group becoming bigger and bigger, the urban landscape is changed significantly and the economy and society develop rapidly, but their harvest is: meager income, simple living conditions, injustice educational opportunities, difficult to promotion, the lack of social safeguard. As time pass by, their internal social structure has changed—the new generation of migrant workers is to gradually replace their parents. According to the survey, the current generation of migrant workers account for about nearly 60%, most of them were born in 1980’s, which of them have received education to some extend and which of them have lived in the city with his parents from childhood, so they look forward to adapt to city life an
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