废弃食品回流再造问题产品价格分析.docVIP

废弃食品回流再造问题产品价格分析 　　摘 要 针对废弃食品回流再造的食品安全问题，建立相关利益主体包括食品制造商、废弃食品收购者在各自独立以及作为利益共同体的不同条件下的优化模型，分析新生产食品价格和回流再造食品价格以及相应的利润、影响因素.结果表明：作为同一利益主体，生产制造昂贵食品对食品制造商获利不利，而回流再造成本越低，对食品制造商通过回流再造获利是有利的；若食品制造商和收购者各自独立决定价格，收购者进行回流再造的行为会干扰当前食品零售市场；由于回流再造食品的价格比较优势，在信息不对称时消费者会倾向选择回流再造食品. 　　关键词 博弈论；废弃食品；回流再造；价格决定 　　中图分类号 F224.3 文献标识码 A 　　Analysis on the Product Price in the Problem 　　of Abandoned Food with Reflux and Reforming 　　FEI Wei 　　（School of Economics， Dongbei University of Finance Economics， Dalian， Liaoning 116025， China） 　　Abstract For the problem of abandoned food with reflux and reforming， this paper built the optimal models with different conditions， in which the related interest subjects including the food manufacturer and the abandoned food acquirer determine the prices independently or jointly as a community of interests， and analyzed the price of the new food and the price of the food with reflux and reforming， and the profits and their influencing factors. The main results show that， when the food manufacturer as a community of interests makes the expensive food， the interest of the food manufacturer is less； but when the cost of the reflux and reforming is low， the interest of the food manufacturer is more by the abandoned food with reflux and reforming. If the food manufacturer and the acquirer determine the price independently， the acquirer takes the behavior of reflux and reforming to disturb the food retail market nowadays， and because of the comparative advantage of the price of the food with reflux and reforming， the consumers will prefer to select the food with reflux and reforming when the information is asymmetric. 　　Key words game theory； abandoned food； reflux and reforming； price determination 　　1 引 言 　　废弃食品回流再造问题，一是指在食品保质期内没有销售出去的剩余废弃食品被非正规收购者回收后，进行重新包装冒充正规食品以低廉的价格进行销售；二是剩余废弃食品由该食品制造商回收后，将其进行简单加工处理或者直接以原食品形式售出，亦或被重新加工为原材料以新产品形式售出.2014年4月北京大柳树市场被新闻媒体曝光：市场周边固定摊点销售超低价过期食品，这些食品大多是品牌食品或者进口食品.与正常销售价格相比，这些摊点销售的同类食品价格有些甚至低至1折.我国食品零售市场的经营主体多，过期食品来源渠道广，过期