综合孔径微波辐射成像系统空变特性分析-analysis of space variation characteristics of synthetic aperture microwave radiation imaging system.docxVIP

华 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 II II Abstract As a new array interferometric microwave radiometric imaging systems，aperture synthesis radiometer (ASR) formed a large physical observation aperture by a thinned array of single small-aperture antennas. But new problems are brought out at the same time, which is the spatial variant characteristic of ASR. Though spatial variant characteristic has been studied deeply in many other imaging modalities, it is rarely reported in ASR imaging system. As the difference of imaging principle, these research results can’t be directly applied to ASR. Therefore, it is necessarily to develop comprehensive research on the spatial variant characteristic of ASR. This paper will focus on the cause of ASR spatial variant characteristic, model building of the corresponding spatial variant problem, and the restoration of spatial variant image. Firstly, the state-of-art of ASR and study of the spatial variant characteristic is presented. The principle of ASR imaging is introduced in detail subsequently. After that, the factors that lead to the decrease of spatial resolution as pixels leave the center of the inversed image are analyzed, simulations prove that the factors of dispersed sampling and fringe washing function are the main cause of ASR spatial variant characteristic and lead to the broaden of ASR main beam. Then the mathematical model of spatial variant image is given out. Finally, by the use for reference of spatial variant problem converting to spatial invariant problem, least square restrict restoration model is presented and successfully applied to the restoration of spatial variant image of ASR by the use of regression estimation. Simulations and experiments prove that this method can effectively meliorate the image quality of ASR. Key words: ASR, Spatial variant characteristic, Image restoration, Least square, Regression estimation PAGE PAGE IV 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 1 绪 论 1.1 研究背景及意义 (1) 1.2 国内外研究概况 (3