无梁楼板抗倒塌性能试验研究及分析.docVIP

无梁楼板抗倒塌性能试验研究及分析 　　摘 要:偶然荷载作用下,预测结构可能发生的破坏并提供新的荷载传递路径,是结构抗倒塌设计的重要内容。对一4层钢筋混凝土框架结构模型的第一层板,采用静载试验来模拟无梁楼板结构下层支撑构件的失效。试验中,通过机械千斤顶对板分级施加荷载来模拟上部结构荷载。随着千斤顶施加荷载的不断加大,楼板受拉面出现放射状裂缝,板的压力薄膜作用使得其承载能力比屈服线理论计算值提高40%左右,楼板中间突然出现倒圆锥形破坏区域后,结构原有的荷载传递机制发生了转换,钢筋形成的索网能承担上部荷载约为屈服线理论计算值的65%。基于试验结果对试验模型破坏机理进行了分析和计算,并指出依靠薄膜作用实现无梁楼板结构抵抗倒塌的途径。 　　关键词:无梁楼板;框架;压力薄膜;连续倒塌;倒塌试验;悬索;塑性铰线 　　中图分类号:TU375.2;TU317.1文献标识码:A 　　 　　Collapse Experiment Research and Analysis of a RC Flat Plate 　　ZHANG Fan-zhen,YI Wei-jian, 　　(College of Civil Engineering, Hunan Univ, Changsha,Hunan410082, China) 　　Abstract: To understand the structural failure-mechanism and seek alternative load paths under accidental load action is an important aspect in collapse-resistant design of structures. A quasi-static experimental method is proposed to simulate the sudden column loss in an existing 4-story reinforced concrete flat plate frame structure. The gravity load of the upper structure was applied step by step to the plate’s center with a mechanical jack. The load carrying capacity is enhanced around 40% higher than the value calculated with the yield-line theory due to the compressive membrane action. Later an inverted conical damage region appeared, the structure of the original load-transfer mechanism changed, and the remaining upper load was approximately 0.65 , which was taken by catenary action of reinforcement. Based on the experimental results, the failure-mechanism of structure was analyzed, the collapse-resistant of flat plate was explored and compressive membrane /tension membrane action of flat plate was discussed. 　　Keywords: flat plate;frame;compressive membrane;progressive collapse;collapse experiment;catenary action;plastic hinge line 　　 　　历史和现实上看,在偶然荷载下建筑物发生倒塌事故并不鲜见。1965年英国的Ronan Point公寓因煤气爆炸而导致连续倒塌破坏。韩国三丰百货,五层无梁平板自上而下,楼板连续倒塌破坏。研究结构安全性能,防止建筑物遭受恐怖爆炸袭击连续倒塌的方法引起世界各国建筑界的广泛关注,对结构抗倒塌性能提出了更加明确的要求[1-3]。 　　连续倒塌是指结构局部发生破坏而导致整体结构或者整体结构的一个主要部分发生破坏。防止发生连续倒塌破坏的结构设计有两个要点:首先为结构提供备用的荷载传递路径;其次局部破坏处周边结构有足够的富余度支撑新路径传递的荷载