棕榈蓟马对番茄斑萎病毒传毒特征及其在日光温室发生关系研究.docVIP

棕榈蓟马对番茄斑萎病毒传毒特征及其在日光温室发生关系研究 　　摘 要：通过室内PCR检测和日光温室定点调查，研究了棕榈蓟马对番茄斑萎病毒的传毒特征、番茄斑萎病毒病发生与棕榈蓟马种群动态的关系。结果表明，用带毒菜椒植株饲喂健康棕榈蓟马若虫24～96 h，棕榈蓟马带毒率达15.00%～18.33%，带毒棕榈蓟马成虫取食健康菜椒植株12～48 h，其理论传毒效率可达36.37%～59.10%，表明棕榈蓟马若虫具有一定获毒能力，其成虫具有一定传毒能力； 4月下旬之前，棕榈蓟马成虫数量较低，病毒病没有发生；4月下旬～5月中旬，棕榈蓟马成虫数量略有提高，病毒病开始出现，但菜椒植株带毒率较低；5月下旬～6月初，棕榈蓟马成虫数量增长迅速，菜椒植株带毒率亦呈快速增长状态，表明菜椒植株带毒率与棕榈蓟马成虫密度密切相关，且病毒病的发生具有一定滞后性。 　　关键词：棕榈蓟马；番茄斑萎病毒；传毒特征；发生关系 　　中图分类号：S436.412.2+9文献标识号：A文章编号：1001-4942（2016）05-0098-04 　　Abstract The transmission characteristics of Tomato spotted wilt virus （TSWV） by Thrips palmi and the relationship between the occurrence of TSWV and the population dynamics of T. palmi were studied by point-survey in solar greenhouse and PCR detection in the lab. The results showed that the virus carrying rate of T. palmi was 15.00%～18.33% when the healthy T. palmi nymphs were fed on viruliferous sweet pepper plants for 24～96 hours，and the theoretical virus transmission efficiency of T. palmi adults were 36.37%～59.10% when the viruliferous T. palmi adults were fed on healthy sweet pepper plants for 12～48 hours， which indicated that the T. palmi nymphs had certain virus acquisition ability and the adults had certain virus transmission ability. The number of T. palmi adults was low and the TSWV had not occurred before the last ten days of April. The number of T. palmi adults increased slowly and the TSWV appeared but the viruliferous percentage of sweet pepper plant was low from the last ten days of April to the middle ten days of May. The number of T. palmi adults increased rapidly and the viruliferous percentage of sweet pepper plant enhanced rapidly as well from the last ten days of May to the earlier ten days of June. Therefore， the viruliferous percentage of sweet pepper plant was closely related to the population density of T. palmi adults and the occurrence of TSWV lagged behind the the appearance of T. palmi adults. 　　Key words Thrips palmi； Tomato spotted wilt virus； Transmission characteristics； Occurr