清远市孕妇体内血铅含量影响因素调查分析.docVIP

清远市孕妇体内血铅含量影响因素调查分析 　　[摘要] 目的 了解清远市地区孕妇体内血铅含量的影响因素。 方法 采用原子吸收光谱法测量2016年在清远市妇幼保健院产检的孕妇体内血铅含量。 结果 在受检的854位孕妇中，平均血铅水平为58.14μg/L，铅中毒者2例，占总人数的0.24%，血铅含量高于100μg/L 铅血症患者的有42例，占总人数的4.92%，21～30岁年龄段组574例孕妇平均血铅水平为54.12μg/L，比 31～40岁年龄段260例孕妇的平均血铅水平62.28μg/L低，城市孕妇的血铅含量67.25μg/L，农村孕妇43.16μg/L，孕妇孕周晚期血铅含量61.32μg/L，早期平均血铅水平为57.29μg/L。结论 孕妇的生活环境、年龄以及孕周都可能影响机体内血铅的含量。 　　[关键词] 孕妇；血铅；铅中毒；孕期 　　[中图分类号] R179 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616（2017）12-150-03 　　Research on the influence fators of blood Pb2+ level of pregnant women in Qingyuan 　　LIU Yuxian LONG Hui TANG Meifen CHEN Ruiqiong 　　Clinical Laboratory， Qingyuan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital， Guangdong， Qingyuan 511500， China 　　[Abstract] Objective To investigate the blood Pb2+ level of pregnant women influence factors in Qingyuan. Methods Pregnant women maternal venous blood Pb2+ level was detected by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results The average blood Pb2+ level was 58.14μg/L in 854 pregnant women， 2 women were lead poisoning， the lead poisoning rate was 0.24%. There were 42 cases in which the blood Pb2+ level was higher than 100μg/L， accounting for 4.92% of the sample. There were 574 pregnant women among 20-30 years old， and the average Pb2+ level of them was 54.12μg/L， it was lower than 260 women among 31-40 years old， their Pb2+ level was 62.28μg/L. City Pregnant women Pb2+ level 67.25μg/L was higher than that in country， which was 43.16μg/L. The blood Pb2+ level in later pregnancy 58.64μg/L was higher than first trimester ones 58.64μg/L. Conclusion The environment， age and pregnancy may affect the Pb2+ level in pregnant women. 　　[Key words] Pregnant women； Blood Pb2+ level； Lead poisoning； Pregnancy 　　?U是自然环境中常见的重金属污染之一，对人和动物等有机体毒害作用较大[1]。随着社会现代化的进行，工业、交通运输等能够产生铅而污染环境的产业迅猛发展，人类生活环境中铅的含量明显增加，低水平铅暴露可在机体内引起一系列毒副作用，如行为障碍、注意力缺陷、骨骼和肝脏的损害等[2]。孕妇这类特殊人群在低水平铅暴露的状态下，受到的伤害最为严重，直接对妊娠、子代的成长、发育等产生直接的影响。铅对人体的伤害主要表现在神经系统，尤其是对于尚未发育完全的胎儿损害更大[3]，孕妇体内的铅可以通过血胎屏障进入胎儿，从而可能影响胎儿中枢神经系统的正常发育。国内外已有研究表明孕妇体内的含铅量对胎儿有着较大的影响，甚至能引起流产、死胎、死产