甘蓝型油菜质核不育系ZH7104A选育研究.docVIP

甘蓝型油菜质核不育系ZH7104A选育研究 　　摘要：用自育核不育两型系401AB群体中分离的可育株作核不育基因的供体，用自育的高含油量、高蛋白、高配合力的双低质不育系7104A对应保持系7104B作轮回亲本，通过杂交、连续3代自交-回交、自交育性分离、株系内兄妹交转育成新的高含油量、高蛋白、高配合力的“质+核”不育系ZH7104A。ZH7104A具有高含油量（44.04%）、高蛋白（29.20%）、高配合力（一般配合力）、低芥酸（0.01%）、低硫甙（18.12 μmol?g-1）等优良性状。且具有不育性彻底、恢复源广、较易配制出强优势的杂交组合等特点，具有较好的开发应用前景。 　　关键词：甘蓝型油菜；自交-回交；“质+核”不育系 　　中图分类号：S63文献标识码：ADOI编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2010.06.010 　　 　　Breeding of CMS+GMS Two-type Sterile Line ZH7104A in Brassica napus L. 　　CHENG Hui1, LU Zhao-cheng1, LIU Xiang-chen1, YANG Dong-hong2, WANG You-hua1, HU Jian-tao1, WANG Jun-wei1, HE Dao- Jun1 　　(1.Xinyang Institute of Agricultural Sciences，Xinyang，Henan 464000，China；2.Agricultural Bureau of Xixian County，Xixian，Henan 464300，China) 　　Abstract：Taking fertile plants isolated from 401AB group, a genic male sterile two-type line, as sterile gene donor, and the author selected CMS with high oil content, high protein, high combining ability of the double-low quality as the recurrent parent, 7104A and corresponding maintainer line 7104B by crossing and backcrossing and 3 yr consecutive selection after alternative backcross-selfcross and sister cross within lines, a high oil content, high protein, high combining ability of CMS+GMS CMS ZH7104A were selected. The sterile line ZH7104A has high oil content (44.04%), high protein (29.20%), high combining ability (GCA), low erucic acid (0.01%), low sulfur glycoside (18.12 μmol?g-1) and other good traits. It also has complete sterility, restoring sources, easier to prepare a strong advantage of the hybrid combinations, and good development prospects. 　　Key words: Brassica napus L.；self - backcross；CMS+GMS sterile line 　　 　　目前，世界油菜发展的两大趋势是优质化、杂交化。优质已成为国际油菜商贸的必要条件，但由于优质与高产的负相关效应，使得中国育成的优质油菜品种在产量上很难得到大的提高。同全国其它地区科研院所一样，开展甘蓝型油菜杂种优势利用研究，选育推广应用甘蓝型油菜杂交种是信阳油菜持续健康发展的主流方向之一。由于信阳在油菜初花期时易出现倒春寒等低温天气，而胞质雄性不育系对低温极为敏感，低温易导致其产生微量花粉，引起杂交制种纯度降低，不育株率高，这极大降低了杂交种的杂种优势利用。此外，虽然核不育系不育性彻底，育性不受低温干扰，恢复源广，但是其制种时需要拔除不育系群体中近一半的可育株，用工量较大且产量较低，制种成本较高。为此，从1995年开始，我们立足于“杂交+