肿瘤中巨噬细胞表型极化调控机制及中药干预研究进展.docVIP

肿瘤中巨噬细胞表型极化调控机制及中药干预研究进展 　　[摘要]巨噬细胞具有异质性和多样性，可随所在的器官微环境和生理病理条件极化成不同的表型。M1经典性激活和M2替代性激活是巨噬细胞表型极端化后的2个主要亚群，分别表达不同的表面受体，分泌不同的细胞因子、趋化因子，受转录和表观遗传水平各个信号通路的调控，并在肿瘤发展中行使不同的功能，而中药有可能通过调控巨噬细胞表型极化而改善微环境。目前对于巨噬细胞极化途径产生的特异性标志和极化的分子机制尚在研究进程中，该文就目前国内外对于巨噬细胞表型极化和调控机制的研究进展进行综述及对中药干预进行展望。 　　[关键词]巨噬细胞;表型极化;调控机制;肿瘤 　　Advance in studies on regulatory mechanism of phenotype polarization of 　　macrophages and intervention with traditional Chinese medicines 　　WANG Yuan-lai lt;supgt;1lt;/supgt;， BIAN Ka 1，2， ZHANG Dan-dan 1* 　　（1.Murad Research Institute for Modernized Chinese Medicine， Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Shanghai 201203， China; 　　2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology， George Washington University， Washington DC 20052， USA） 　　[Abstract]Macrophages are heterogeneous and diversified， and can be polarized into different phenotypes in various microenvironments and physiological or pathological conditions. Major macrophage subpopulations including classically activated（M1） and alternatively activated（M2） macrophages， which represent different surface receptors， secret different cytokines and chemokines， are regulated by different signal paths of transcriptions and epigenetic levels， and play distinctive roles in tumor progress. TCMs may improve the microenvironment by regulating phenotype polarization of macrophages. So far， specific biomarkers and polarized molecules mechanisms generated through the macrophage polarization approach are still unclear. In this article， we merely summarize the advance in domestic and foreign studies on phenotype polarization of macrophages and regulatory mechanisms and look into the future of intervention with TCMs. 　　[Key words]macrophage; phenotype polarization; regulatory mechanism; tumor 　　doi：10.4268/cjcm 　　巨噬细胞极化是单核细胞活化后一系列功能状态两个极端，各种微环境信号诱导调节它的分化;而极化的巨噬细胞适应局部环境同时又是局部环境不可或缺的组分，进一步影响局部免疫反应，与各种因子协同作用调节肿瘤发生、生长、侵袭、转移、肿瘤血管和淋巴管生成等过程。在各种鼠和人的恶性肿瘤中，如乳腺癌、前列腺癌、神经胶质瘤、淋巴瘤等，巨噬细胞数量和密度的增长与肿瘤的恶性程度之间有着紧密的相关性。经