解读介词关系代词引导定语从句.docVIP

解读介词关系代词引导定语从句 　　请观察下面两题：?? 　　例1 For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further,_____ New York is an example.（2008四川）?? 　　A. for whichB. in which?? 　　C. of whichD. from which?? 　　例2 By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma,_____ ??appeared a rare rainbow soon.（2008福建）?? 　　A. of whichB. on which?? 　　C. from whichD. above which ?? 　　 纵观近几年高考题，定语从句一直是考查的重点，而“介词+关系代词”是核心考点，因此在解决此类问题时，如何确定介词是关键。?? 　　 　　一、 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中介词的确定。?? 　　 　　1. 介词和定语从句中的谓语动词一起构成一种习惯搭配。?? 　　很多时候，介词和定语从句中的谓语动词构成固定搭配。此时，which/whom所修饰的先行词作动词短语中介词的宾语。做题时，只要加以辨别，就可以轻松作答。如The man to whom I spoke is Liu Xiang.一句中speak to 为固定搭配。再如：?? 　　Yao Ming_____all the Chinese take great pride is playing basketball for China in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.?? 　　A. in whomB. of whom?? 　　C. on whomD. for whom?? 　　此题中介词in和定语从句中的谓语take pride 构成搭配take pride in，故选A。?? 　　 但有时，需要细心区分是根据先行词来确定还是看定语从句的谓语动词，如下面一题： 　　I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction_____she had come.?? 　　A. of whichB. by which?? 　　C. in whichD. from which ?? 　　同学们很容易根据先行词direction而误选C，事实上，应和定语从句的谓语动词come一起构成搭配come from。因此选D。?? 　　2. 介词和定语从句中的形容词一起构成一种固定搭配。?? 　　 有一些介词和定语从句中的形容词一起构成固定搭配。 如：“Bird Nest” is a beautiful building, of which we are greatly proud.一句中be proud of 为固定搭配。平时掌握一些固定短语对于解决这一问题很有帮助。?? 　　3. 根据先行词来确定。?? 　　有些先行词本身就决定了该用什么样的介词来引导定语从句。如Yesterday we had a meeting at which we discussed many problems about the security of the Beijing Olympic Games.由先行词meeting可知在会议上用at the meeting，所以用介词at。 ?? 　　 当先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词时，则需根据先行词选择正确的介词。这些特殊的先行词需要记住，如当先行词为reason又在定语从句中作状语时，引导词只能为for which或why。如：Tell me the reason for which/why you missed the flight. 当先行词为way且在定语从句中作状语时，引导词只能为in which或that或省略。如：I don’t like the way in which/that he talks. 再如case, situation等常用in which/where来引导定语从句。 ?? 　　4. 根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。?? 　　根据句意来确定介词是考查最多的也是最难确定的。解决这一问题，必须理解透主从句的关系，从而确定介词的选用。如：?? 　　In front of