德国土地利用考察后感想.PPTVIP

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION * * * * * * * * 科目：專題討論2-1 指導教授：林俐玲教授；鄭皆達教授；陳鴻烈教授；林德貴教授 報 告 人 ：翁志成 98年12月4日 How to calculate and interpret ecological footprints for long periods of time: the case of Austria 1926–1995 Helmut Haberl , Karl-Heinz Erb, Fridolin Krausmann , 2001, ecological Economics 38 Outline Abstract Introduction Methods Results Discussion Conclusions In this paper we present calculations of the ecological footprint (EF) for Austria 1926–1995, based upon three different methodological approaches. In most EF calculations published thus far, material and energy flows are converted to area (hectares) using global yields of the respective year. In contrast, we analyze the effect different assumptions on yields have on the results of EF calculations by assuming: (1) constant global yields as of 1995; (2) variable global yields; (3)variable local yields for domestic extraction and variable global yields for imported biomass. Abstract According to our results different assumptions on yields can influence the result of EF calculations by a factor of 2, at least. We conclude that further research is necessary with respect to biomass yields assumed in EF calculations. The purpose for which EF calculations are made, and the interpretation of their results, will determine future development of the EF methodology. Keywords: Ecological footprint (EF); Socioeconomic metabolism; Biological productivity; Biomass yield; Overshoot; Sustainability indicators Any EF calculation tries to assess how much biologically productive area is needed to produce the yearly resource flows consumed by the population of a region (a city, a country, or the world), to absorb wastes or emissions (especially CO2), and to host the built infrastructure in this region. The EF includes: (1) actually used land as, for instance, cropland and pastures needed to produce goods and services derived from these kinds of land use and builtup land; (2)the area of forests that would be