定位间断点的一种新方法及应用-应用数学专业论文.docx

— — iii — A NEW METHOD FOR LOCATING JUMP POINTS WITH APPLICATIONS ABSTRACT The numerical differentiation problem is intended for reconstructing the differ- entiation of a given function, by use of noisy function values at nodes. It is a typical ill-posed problem, and has wide applications in the fields of image processing, material science, chemical engineering, computational mechanics etc. There are three classes of methods for numerical differentiation namely, the interpolation method (including the Tikhonov regularization method), the mollification method, and the integral op- erator method. For the Tikhonov regularization method, one needs to transform the original problem into a feasible variational problem, and the efficiency of the method depends heavily on reasonably choosing regularization terms and regularization pa- rameters, and the computational cost is expensive comparably. Based on the above discussion, we devise in this thesis a new method for nu- merical differentiation, which enjoys the advantage of easy implementation and being able to locate discontinuous points of the differentiation of the exact function. The idea is to reconstruct the differentiation by certain continuous piecewise linear func- tion directly, whose function values at nodes are equal to the corresponding ones of the differentiation of certain locally defined quadratic interpolation polynomials. Af- ter technical derivations, it is proved that if the exact solution lies in ? 2,∞ or ? 3,∞, the method exhibits optimal error estimates; if the exact solution is continuous and piecewise smooth, one can construct a fast algorithm from the method to detect the jump points of the exact function. Compared to the regularization method, the new method does not require to solve any linear systems, alleviating computational cost significantly. Numerical tests are provided to show the efficiency of the method. Finally, the proposed method is applied for edge detection of digital images. In so