麦烟套作中综合措施对烤烟氮碱比影响.docVIP

麦烟套作中综合措施对烤烟氮碱比影响 　　摘要:采用五因素二次正交回归旋转组合设计,研究不同株距、氮素、打顶时间、硼肥、IAA对烤烟氮碱比的影响。建立了株距、氮素、打顶时间、硼肥、IAA与烤烟氮碱比的数学模型,解析了数学模型,指出了各因子的理想搭配模式及其适宜取值范围。从而提出了协调烤烟氮碱比的适宜配套技术措施。 　　关键词:烤烟;株距;氮素;打顶时间;硼肥;IAA;氮碱比 　　中图分类号:S572文献标识码:ADOI编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2009.04.002 　　 　　Effect of Comprehensive Measures on the Ratio Between Alkali and Nitrogen of Flue-cured Tobacco under the Condition of Wheat Interplanting with Tobacco 　　CAO Guo-fan,YANG Zhi-hua 　　(Agronomy of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025,China) 　　Abstract: Five factors quadratic regression rotation design was used in this test to gain the influence that plant spacing, nitrogen fertilizer, the time of wiping the top, boron fertilizer, IAA may give to the ratio between alkali and nitrgen of flue-cured tobacco. Math-model about the connection among the ratio between alkali and nitrgen of flue-cured tobacco and plant spacing, nitrogen fertilizer, the time of wiping the top, boron fertilizer and IAA was established. This math-model was parsed to receive the perfect arrangement model of each factor and the fitting number-scale. As a result, fitting measures about supporting kit techniques to adjust the ratio between alkali and nitrgen of flue-tobacco were advanced. 　　Key words: flue-cured tobacco;plant spacing;nitrogen;the time of wiping the top;boron fertilizer;IAA;the ratio between alkali and nitrogen 　　 　　提早打顶、减少留叶数和推迟收获时期都会提高烟碱含量,降低氮碱比,其中施氮量对烟碱积累的影响最大[1],烟叶烟碱含量均随施氮量的提高而增加[2];打顶增加烟碱含量,早打顶的烟株烟碱含量高于晚打顶的烟株;打顶时增加留叶数可降低烟碱含量[3];打顶后至成熟期间的烟碱含量急剧增[1, 4]。在前人研究的基础上,为了综合运用栽培措施,调节烤烟氮碱比,开展了株距、氮素、打顶时间、硼肥、IAA对烤烟氮碱比影响的试验研究。 　　 　　1材料和方法 　　 　　1.1材料 　　试验采用麦烟套作的栽培方式,小麦选择贵农005,烤烟选择K326。 　　1.2方法 　　1.2.1试验设计试验选择对烟叶化学组分含量影响较大的5个因素:株距、氮肥、打顶、硼肥、IAA。采用五元二次正交旋转试验设计,通过分析5种因素的单作及互作效应,提出协调烤烟氮碱比的适宜栽培措施。处理与组合见表1,试验因素与水平见表2。 　　1.2.2调制采用EB-1型气流下降式烤房,按三段式烘烤。 　　1.2.3制样将烤后烟叶在55～60 ℃下烘烤5～6 h,粉碎后过0.4 mm筛,贮存待用。 　　1.2.4测定方法测定方法:烟碱采用紫外分光光度法;总氮采用凯氏定氮法;单叶质量用托盘天平直接称量。数据处理采用excel及dps统计软件。 　　 　　2结果与分析 　　 　　2.15因素对氮碱比的影响 　　2.1.1氮碱比回归方程的建立通过对