2010～2015年郑州市首次无偿献血人群HBV与HCV感染趋势分析.docVIP

2010～2015年郑州市首次无偿献血人群HBV与HCV感染趋势分析 　　[摘要] 目的 了解郑州市首次无偿献血人群HBV和HCV感染情况，并探讨HBV和HCV在该类人群中的流行趋势和流行特点。 方法 回顾性分析2010～2015年郑州市首次无偿献血人群HBsAg和抗-HCV酶联免疫检测结果，并对相关数据进行统计分析。 结果 659872例首次无偿献血者HBV、HCV感染率均为0.35%，并呈逐年下降趋势（χ2值分别为130.078、133.957，P0.05）。45岁以上人群HBV和HCV感染率分别为0.57%和0.40%，为各年龄段最高；在教育程度上，初中及以下人群HBV、HCV感染率最高，分别为0.40%和0.44%；在职业分布中，学生HBV、HCV感染率明显低于其他职业，分别为0.28%和0.32%。 结论 郑州市首次无偿献血人群HBV、HCV感染率与其他地区相近，且呈逐年降低趋势，但仍需不断提高检测水平，以保证血液质量。 　　[关键词] 首次无偿献血者；HBV；HCV；感染率 　　[中图分类号] R457.1 [文献标识码] B [文??编号] 1673-9701（2016）20-0108-03 　　[Abstract] Objective To find out the prevalence of HBV and HCV among first-time voluntary blood donors in Zhengzhou and to explore the trend and characteristic of HBV and HCV infections. Methods A retrospective study on the results of HBsAg and anti-HCV test among first-time voluntary blood donors in Zhengzhou from 2010 to 2015 were carried out， and the data were statistically analyzed. Results The overall prevalence rates were 0.35% for both HBV and HCV in 659872 blood donors， and there was a decrease in the trend in 2010-2015（χ2=130.078 and 133.957， respectively， P0.05）. The prevalence rates of HBV and HCV were observed in the over 45 years age group（0.57%， 0.40%）， were the highest rate among different age groups. Middle school or less donors had the highest infection rates of HBV and HCV （0.40%， 0.44%） compared to any other education groups， and students were less infected by HBV and HCV（0.28%， 0.32%） than other occupations. Conclusion The infection rates of HBV and HCV among first-time voluntary blood donors in Zhengzhou are similar to other regions， and appear the decreasing trends with years， but it is still necessary to improve the detection level to ensure the quality of blood. 　　[Key words] First-time voluntary blood donors； HBV； HCV； Prevalence 　　HBV和HCV感染是肝脏疾病最常见的病因，全世界大约有4亿HBV和1.7亿HCV携带者[1]。HBV和HCV通常会引起慢性肝炎，进一步可能导致肝硬化和肝癌的发生，死亡率较高。输血是这两种肝炎病毒最主要的传播途径之一，因此，献血人群HBV、HCV的流行病学监测对保障用血安全是十分必要的。郑州市无偿献血者人群中首次献血者仍占据多数，调查研究发现首次献血者HBV和HCV感染率显著高于重复献血者[2-4]，而目