贫困大学生心理状况透视和资助体系研究.docVIP

贫困大学生心理状况透视和资助体系研究 　　摘 要：贫困大学生具有自卑、封闭、抑郁而又无奈的心理特征，这是由其经济、学习、人际交往上的压力和社会压力造成的。目前的贫困生资助制度存在一定缺陷，资助力度不够，资助方法不当，支助体系尚不完善。应建立一个符合贫困大学生心理特征的经济资助与精神救助体系。改进资助方式，推行生源地贷款，实行按学分收费，改进资助工作方法；建立和完善心理健康教育机制，营造关爱贫困生的人文环境，做好贫困生自我心理调节的引导工作。 　　关键词：贫困大学生；心理；经济资助；精神救助 　　中图分类号：D432.6 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1009－9107（2007）06－0129－04 　　 　　A Psychological Perspective to College Students in Poverty and ??Research on Subsidization System 　　ZHAO Man，WANG Xi??wen，CAO Jun??hui?? 　　（Northwest A F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China） 　　Abstract：The psychology of college students in poverty is characterized by being inferior, enclosed, depressed and helpless, because they are under great economic and social pressures as well as pressures in their study and personal communication. Some shortcomings can still be found in the current subsidization system for these students. To be specific, insufficient subsidies are offered, the working approach in subsidization is inappropriate to some extent and so the whole system is far from perfection. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a system of subsidization and psychological assistance based on economic independence that agrees with the psychological situations of college students from impoverished areas. It can be done by improving the subsidization approach, providing loans at the students’hometown, developing charge management system to the credit, establishing and perfecting the mechanism for mental health education, building a humanistic atmosphere of caring about poor students and guiding them effectively in psychological self-adjustment. 　　Key words：college students in poverty；psychology;economic supporting;psychological aiding 　　 　　高校贫困生是指因家庭经济状况较差、支付学费和生活费比较困难甚至无力支付学费和最低生活费的学生。其中，“支付教育费用很困难”的是贫困生，而“无力支付教育费用”的则是特困生。[1]我国在校全日制普通高校学生中，经济困难学生占15%-30%，特困生比例约占8%-15%，其中农、林、师范类院校贫困生比例超过30%，特困生比例超过15%。[2]资料显示，2004年全国高校在校贫困生约240万人，最新统计数字为450万人。贫困生人数日益增加，问题日益突出，已引起政府、学校、社会的普遍关注。[3] 　　 　　一、贫困大学生的心理状况透视 　　 　　（一）贫困大学生的心理优势 　　贫困大学生一般是在艰苦环境中成长起来的，苦