南水北调穿黄工程黄土原位直剪试验的研究.docVIP

南水北调穿黄工程黄土原位直剪试验的研究 　　摘要:利用应变控制式直剪仪对南水北调穿黄工程南岸黄土进行了现场原位直剪试验。通过对现场试样的直剪试验,研究在不同垂直压力下土样的抗剪强度,根据一组试样的抗剪强度与垂直压力关系确定强度包线,从而求出抗剪强度参数??c,φ??。同时对每个试块的剪切面进行现场密度、含水率试验,进而分析得到了该地区黄土在不同密度、含水率下的力学指标。该试验为穿黄工程以及该地区的相关工程的设计和施工提供了较为真实可靠的抗剪强度指标。 　　关键词:原位直剪;抗剪强度;含水率 　　中图分类号:TV68;TV223文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-1683(2010)05-0022-04 　　 　　Field Direct Shear Test of Loess in the Yellow River Water Diversion Project 　　GE Ming-ming??1,WANG Ning??1,DU Bing??2 　　(1.The Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co. Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450003,China; 　　2. The First Highway Consultants Co.Ltd.,China Communications Construction Company Ltd.Xi′an 710075,China) 　　Abstract: The strain-controlled direct shear apparatus were used in on-site direct shear test of the south bank′s loess in the Yellow River Crossing Project. Through such test, studies of shear strength of soils at different kinds of vertical pressures are made. According to a relationship between the shear strength and the vertical pressure of a group of samples, the strength envelope was determined, and the shear strength parameters c and φ were obtained. The tests of the shear surface of each test blocks on-site density and water content were made, then the mechanical index of loess were concluded. This test has provided a true and reliable indicator of shear strength for the design and construction of the Yellow River Crossing Project. 　　Key words: field direct shear;shear strength;rate of water content 　　 　　南水北调中线工程是我国目前在建的最大的调水工程,渠线在邙山段要穿过黄河,穿黄工程是南水北调中线整体工程中的关键性和控制性工程。该工程地处河南郑州上街区北的黄河岸边,是我国黄土的边缘地区,地表层覆盖着较厚的黄土层,由于黄河的下切作用,在黄河两岸(特别是南岸)形成了直立的黄土边坡。中线一期穿黄工程南岸连接明渠长约??5 km??,位于邙山黄土丘陵区,为挖方渠道。地面高程??140～181 m??,渠底高程??111～112 m??,边坡高度??20～60 m??,地下水位高程约??102～140 m??,埋深约??4～61 m??。边坡地层主要为中更新统冲积层(alQ2)、上更新统冲积层(alQ3)和全新统冲积层(alQ4)。 　　1 试验原理和试验目的 　　原位直接剪切试验是测定土体抗剪强度的一种方法,通常是在现场某个位置制成几个土样,用几种不同的垂直压力作用于试样上,然后施加剪切力,测得剪切应力与位移的关系曲线,从曲线上找出试样的极限剪切应力作为该垂直压力下的抗剪强度。如图1所示。 　　 　　图1 剪应力与剪切位移关系曲线 　　Fig.1 Relationship curves of Shear stress and shear displacement