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南水北调中线丹江口大坝加高的环境监理的研究
南水北调中线丹江口大坝加高的环境监理的研究
摘要:丹江口水库是建国初期建成的多目标综合利用的大型水利工程。始建于20世纪50年代末,分期建设,一期工程完建于70年代初。当前为了满足南水北调中线供水要求,必须按原设计将大坝加高14.6 m。2005年9月26日第二期加高工程已正式开工。针对南水北调中线工程对生态环境的主要影响及施工环境污染、水土流失等重大问题,提出环境监理建议。
关键词:丹江口大坝;二期工程;南水北调;环境保护;环境监理
中图分类号:TV512 文献标识码: C 文章编号:1672-1683(2007)02-0015-03
Research on Environmental Supervision of Danjiangkou Dam Project in
the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer
WANG DaWANG Ming-naWANG Dan??3
(1.Changjiang Water Resources Protection Insitute,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Ministry of Water Resources of P RChina,Wuhan 430051,China;2.Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Ministry of Water Resources of P RChina,Wuhan 430010,China;3.Third Wuhan Middle School,Wuhan 430050,China)
Abstract:The Danjiangkou water control project is the first gigantic dam being built on the Hanjiang River. It supplies power、navigation locks and water transfer etc. the entire construction is divided into two stages. The first stage works has been built in 20 thcentury 70 date early. This paper gives Some brief introduction to the history and the survey of the project. In order to the Middle Route project of Supplies South-to-North Water Transfer therefore high 14.6 m addition to the dam. The second stage works construct in 2005.9.26. In view of the influence of ecological envivonment、envivonmental pollution and the soil and water loss etc。Some suggestions related to environmental supervision proposes。
Key words:Danjiangkou Dam; second-stage construction; South-to-North Water Transfer; environmental protection; environmental supervision
1 历史背景
丹江口水利枢纽位于湖北省西北部――丹江口市,长江最长支流汉江与其支流丹江汇合口下游,是南水北调中线工程的水源工程,也是解决汉江中下游防洪的关键性和控制性工程。于1958年10月开始建设。原设计正常蓄水位170 m,相应库容290.5亿m3,
坝顶高程176.6 m。装机6台,总容量90万kW。工程在建设过程中遭遇三年自然灾害,加上前苏联逼债、绝援,国家经济困难,改为分期建设,自行设计施工。一期工程坝顶高程减为162 m,正常蓄水位157 m,相应库容174.5亿m3。1967年11月蓄水,1968年10月1日首批机组发电,1973年一期工程建成。迄今已运用30多年,发挥了巨大作用,取得了显著的经济及社会效益。
2 丹江口大坝加高工程特点
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