超声冲击处理对7A52铝合金焊接接头疲劳性能的影响-材料加工工程专业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 内蒙古 内蒙古工业大学硕士学位论文 万方数据 万方数据 摘 要 7A52 铝合金是我国自行研制生产的军用装甲车辆常用材料，针对其焊接结构疲 劳性能较差的问题，本文采用人工时效处理、超声冲击处理以及人工时效与超声冲击 处理相结合的方法对其焊接接头进行处理，对处理前后的接头组织、常规力学性能以 及疲劳性能进行对比研究，旨在为 7A52 铝合金进一步拓展应用提供数据支撑。 采用课题组优化的焊接参数施焊，获取的焊缝成形美观，呈现典型的鱼鳞纹特征， 无裂纹、气孔和咬边等缺陷。焊态试样接头各区域特征明显，母材呈现为典型的带状 纤维状组织，焊缝区为大小均匀的等轴晶组织，而热影响区为发生再结晶长大的加工 组织包夹着再结晶组织。 常规力学性能对比研究发现，超声冲击处理后（无论是否经过时效处理），7A52 铝合金焊接接头表层显微硬度得到明显提高，在距表层一定深度范围内，显微硬度值 随着距接头表层距离的增加呈阶梯状下降的趋势，并最终趋于稳定值。时效处理使得 接头各区域的显微硬度整体上得到了提高。不同的处理方法未对接头的拉伸性能造成 很大影响。 疲劳试验证实，超声冲击处理能够有效改善焊接接头的疲劳性能。在应力比为 0.1 的加载条件下，焊态接头疲劳强度为 41MPa，超声冲击处理接头的疲劳强度为 60MPa， 比原始焊态提高了 46.3%。在应力比为 0.45 的加载条件下，焊态接头的疲劳强度为 40MPa，超声冲击处理接头的疲劳强度为 47MPa，比原始焊态提高了 17.5%。 关键词：7A52 铝合金；超声冲击处理；焊接接头；疲劳性能；力学性能 I 内蒙古 内蒙古工业大学硕士学位论文 万方数据 万方数据 Abstract 7A52 aluminum alloy produced in China is a kind of material commonly applied in military vehicles. In view of the poor fatigue strength in welded structure, the welded joint were treated by Ultrasonic impact treatment(UIT)、artificial aging treatment(AAT) and AAT coupled with UIT, respectively. Then, to provide data support for the expand application of 7A52 aluminum alloy, the microstructure, common mechanical properties and the fatigue property of the joint before and after treatment were researched。 The appearance of weld using the welding parameters optimized by our team to weld is beautiful and it presented the characteristics of typical scales grain，no defects such as cracks, porosity and bite edge. Sample joint without treated had the obvious regional characteristics. The microstructure in base material has obvious typical banded fibrous characteristic, the microstructure in weld zone is uniform and equiaxed, while the microstructure in HAZ was recrystallized. Comparing study on conventional mechanical performance shows: The surface microhardness of 7A52 aluminum alloy weld joint can be significantly improved after UIT(with or without AAT); From a certain depth range of the surface, the value of microhardness has a ladder shaped downward trend and fin