美国“积极生活的研究”计划解读及启示.docVIP

美国“积极生活的研究”计划解读及启示 　　摘 要：环境和政策的策略，对体力活动的影响是近年来公共卫生领域的热点。美国推介“积极生活研究”计划作为该领域研究的一个典范，以美国突出的公共健康问题――儿童、青少年体力活动不足和肥胖为核心内容，围绕有关环境和政策策略，在促进儿童及其家庭成员日常体力活动中的作用展开研究。“积极生活研究”计划是“积极生活”计划体系的开端和重要组成部分，它提供了儿童肥胖和缺乏身体活动关系的可靠依据，并形成以行动为向导的研究成果，为此类问题的后续研究奠定了基础。 　　关 键 词：体育社会学;积极生活;体力活动;儿童肥胖;积极生活研究;美国 　　中图分类号：G80-05 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-7116（2014）06-0044-05 　　A interpretation of and inspirations from the “Active Life Research” 　　program recommended by the United States 　　WU Wei1，HE Xiao-long2，CHEN Pei-jie2 　　（1.School of Physical Education and Health Education，Mianyang Normal University，Mianyang 621000，China; 　　2.School of Sports Science，Shanghai University of Sports，Shanghai 200438，China） 　　Abstract： The influence of environment and policy strategies is a hot topic in the public health area in recent years. As a model of research in this area， the “Active Life Research” program recommended by the United States makes a study of boosting the functions of children and their family members in daily physical activities by basing its core contents on children and teenager physical activity insufficiency and obesity ? prominent public health issues faced by the United States， and by sticking to environment and policy related strategies. The “Active Life Research” program is the initial and an important constituent part of the “Active Life” program system; it has provided a reliable criterion for the relationship between children obesity and lack of physical activities， and formed action oriented research achievements， which laid a foundation for follow-up researches on such a type of issues. 　　Key words： sports sociology;active life;physical activity;children obesity;Active Life Research;the United States 　　经常参加体力活动，可有效帮助儿童和青少年减轻超重和肥胖，改善血脂异常、代谢综合征等不良状况[1]。但是，目前儿童、青少年体力活动不足的情况在全球普遍存在，有研究显示，美国仅有42%的学龄儿童能够每天运动1小时，而青少年每天运动1小时的比例仅为8%[2];欧洲10～12岁儿童仅有4.6%的女生和16.8%的男生能够每天运动至少1小时[3];我国学生体质健康调研数据也显示，9～18岁学生每天体育锻炼时间达到1小时的比例仅有22.7%[4]，儿童、青少年的心肺机能及力量、耐力素质均持续下降，肥胖检出率持续上升[5-6]。而体力活动不足的儿童容易引发肥胖、骨密度偏