当代中国贫富观嬗变轨迹初析.docVIP

当代中国贫富观嬗变轨迹初析 　　摘 要：新中国成立后特别是改革开放以来，中国人民的贫富观发生了深刻的变化，经历了一个从欲灭贫穷又以穷为荣、期盼富裕又以富为耻，到贫穷不是社会主义、勤劳致富光荣，再到富而思进、注重公平的过程。深入研究当代中国贫富观的嬗变过程和思想轨迹，无论是对于我们坚持和发展马克思主义，丰富和完善中国特色社会主义理论体系，还是对于树立正确的贫富观，改善和保障民生，促进社会和谐稳定，都具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。 　　关键词：贫富观；贫穷；共同富裕；两极分化 　　中图分类号：A8 　　文献标识码：A文章编号：1672-1101(2010)04-0001-05 　　 　　A preliminary study of the evolutionary path of viewpoint 　　 on poverty and wealth in contemporary China 　　XU Qi-qing，LI Li 　　(School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, China) 　　Abstract: Since the foundation of the Peoples Republic of China, especially the reform and opening up, peoples viewpoint on poverty and wealth has undergone profound changes. It has experienced a developing process from hoping to eliminate poverty yet taking poverty as honor, desiring wealth yet regarding prosperity as disgrace to disregarding poverty as socialism and taking honor in becoming rich through diligence, and to making progress after becoming rich and paying more attention to fairness. To conduct a profound study on the evolutionary path of viewpoint on poverty and wealth in contemporary China is of theoretical value and practical significance either to our adherence to and development of Marxism and to the enrichment and perfection of socialist system with Chinese characteristics, or to the construction of a correct viewpoint on poverty and wealth and to improving as well as ensuring livelihood, and advancing social harmony and stability. 　　Key words: viewpoint on poverty and wealth; poverty; common wealth; polarization 　　 　　新中国成立后特别是改革开放以来，中国人民的贫富观发生了深刻的变化，反贫困事业取得巨大进展。从总体上看，当代中国贫富观的嬗变是积极、合理的，人民群众也从中得到了越来越多的实惠，生活水平不断提高。然而，也必须看到，在相当长的一个时期内，人们的贫富观是自相矛盾和相互抵牾的；即便是在当下，也仍然存在着嫌贫、炫富乃至仇富等非理性和不健康的心理与情绪。一定程度上影响了人民群众的脱贫解困和社会的和谐稳定。因此，深入研究当代中国贫富观的嬗变过程和思想轨迹，无论是对于我们坚持和发展马克思主义，丰富和完善中国特色社会主义理论体系，还是对于树立正确的贫富观，改善和保障民生，促进社会和谐稳定，都具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。 　　 　　一、新中国成立后至改革开放前：欲灭贫穷又以穷为荣，期盼富裕又以富为耻 　　 　　马克思主义认为，人类社会的发展，就其物质生活方面而言，是一个不断地从贫穷落后走