基于调整电网运行方式的短路电流控制策略.docVIP

基于调整电网运行方式的短路电流控制策略 　　【摘要】随着电网规模的扩大，电力系统短路电流水平不断提高，而限制短路电流的措施受各方面因素影响，往往滞后于电网运行的需要。通过调整电网运行方式，可以作为限制短路电流的有效过渡措施。本文以某地区220千伏电网为实例，分析比较各项调整电网运行方式对短路电流的影响，为限制短路电流开拓思路。 　　关键词：短路电流、三相短路、运行方式、限制措施。 　　Abstract: With the expansion of the grid-scale power system, short-circuit level of continuous improvement has been improved, and measures to limit short-circuit current by the influence of various factors, often lags behind the needs of the grid operation. By adjusting the operation mode can be used as an effective transition measures to limit short-circuit current. 220 kV power grid in an area as an example, analyzes compare the adjustment of the network operation mode short-circuit current, and to explore new ideas to limit the short circuit current. 　　Key Words: short-circuit current, three-phase short circuit, operation restrictions. 　　中图分类号：TN625文献标识码：A 文章编号： 　　 　　WU Bin ,WU Zhi-dong 　　(Zhengzhou Power Supply Company,Zhengzhou 450006,China) 　　Abstract：The expansion of the grid, continuous improvement level of power system short-circuit current, and various factors of restrictions short-circuit current, all above tends to lag behind the power grid needs. Adjusting the operation mode can be used as effective transitional measures to solve the problem caused by limit short-circuit current. Taking regional 220 kV power grid as an example, this essay will analyze and compare different effects to short-circuit current based on adjusting various operation mode, and also open up ideas to restrictions of short-circuit current. 　　Key words：Short-circuit current, three-phase short circuit, operation mode, restrictions 　　 　　 　　1 短路的一般概念 　　 短路是指一切不正常的相与相之间或相与地（对于中性点接地的系统）发生通路的情况。发生短路时，系统从一种状态剧变到另一种状态，并伴随产生复杂的暂态现象。电力系统正常运行的破坏多半是短路故障引起的。 　　1.1 产生短路的原因 　　 （1）元件损坏。例如绝缘材料的自然老化，设计、安装及维护不良所带来的设备缺陷发展成短路； 　　 （2）气象条件恶化。例如雷击造成的闪络放电或避雷器动作，架空线路或设备导线覆冰引起电杆倒塌； 　　 （3）违规操作。例如运行人员带负荷拉刀闸，线路或设备检修后未拆除接地线就加上电压等； 　　 （4）其他。例如挖沟损伤电缆，鸟兽跨接在裸露的载流部分等。 　　1.2 系统短路的类型 　　电力系统中常见的短路形式有三相短路、两相短路