蛋糕超声波辅助切割装置的设计与实验验证-机械制造及其自动化专业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 蛋糕超声波辅助切割装置的设计与实验验证* Design and Experimental Verification of an Ultrasonic Cake Cutting Device *新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-11-0852)、长江学者与创新团队发展计划(IRT1063)。 The Program for New Century Excellent Talents (NCET-11-0852) and Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT1063). 摘要 摘要 摘 要 超声波加工作为一种高效的加工方式受到各个领域的青睐，尤其在蛋糕切 割行业表现出传统加工无可比拟的优势。超声波辅助切割系统主要由超声波发 生器、换能器、变幅杆、切割工具等部件组成。系统的关键部分为变幅杆和切 割工具。由于蛋糕体积的影响，使工具宽度方向的横向振动严重、模态密集、 振型不稳定，降低了工具的寿命。针对这些问题，设计适用于切割蛋糕的超声 波辅助切割工具是现今超声加工行业亟需面对的重要课题。 本文设计的超声辅助切割系统主要包括变幅杆和切割工具两个部分，切割 工具通过变幅杆与超声系统联接。首先是变幅杆的设计，根据变截面杆的振动 理论计算变幅杆的初始尺寸；其次在 ANSYS 环境下，建立了变幅杆的参数化 物理模型。在模态分析、谐响应分析的基础上对变幅杆的结构进行优化，使变 幅杆裙边纵向位移尽可能少，纵向振动谐振频率接近目标频率。然后，根据大 尺寸矩形截面振动体耦合振动理论，计算切割刀的初始尺寸，通过在切割刀上 开狭槽和改变切割刀输入端的结构，使切割刀刃口位移振幅分布均匀，纵向振 动谐振频率误差减小、纵向振型稳定性提高。 在完成超声波辅助切割装置设计的基础上，进行了切割蛋糕的实验验证， 通过有无超声辅助切割蛋糕的对比试验，表明了超声波辅助切割的优势。然后， 不同切割工艺参数条件下，对蛋糕切割的效果进行了分析。 关键词：超声切割刀 变幅杆 工具优化 振动分析 蛋糕切割实验 I 华侨大学硕士学位论文 华侨大学硕士学位论文 II Abstract Ultrasonic machining is favored in various fields as an efficient processing methods. It shows an many advantages in cake cutting industry compared to the traditional cutting ways. The ultrasonic cutting system comprises an ultrasonic generator, a transducer, a horn, a cutter, etc. The key parts of the system are the horn and the cutter. Due to the large volume of the cake, there are severe lateral vibration, dense modals and unstable vibration modes at the width direction of the cutter, thereby shortening the life of the tool. To solve these problems, it is an important issue for the ultrasonic processing industry to design a cake cutting tools. In the thesis, the horn and the cutter which are the key parts of the ultrasonic cutting system have been designed and manufactured. The cutter is coupled with the ultrasonic system by the horn. Firstly, the initial dimension of the horn was calculated in accordance with the vibration theory of variable cross-section bar. Secondly, the parametric model of the horn was built in the ANSYS. And the