倒签提单法律性质研究-法学;国际法学专业论文.docx

11 11 阳州州A唔阳mm 阳州州A唔 阳mmnu 唰川川 。 唰唰唰《U 州州a州dw 恻删川 。 . my 唰阳州 唰阳州川叩41 摘要 提单在国际贸易中地位极其意耍，它不仅解决了国际货物买卖中因买卖双 方各处不同回家而难以掌握对方资信，而且也为其双方资金流酒提供便利。承 运人运输责任是海商运输法的核心。商人和银行迄今为止还广泛接受海运提单， 原因就在于提单实施的确定性、稳定性和分配运输风险责任的相对公平。但是 目前提单在实践中遇到了一系列看似难以逾越的困难，倒签提单、预借提单的 出现，曾使提单制度继续存在的合理性受到了怀疑。 倒签提单的法律性质在学界一直没有明确的定性，基于提单性质的多重性， 倒签提单的法律性质也具有多重属性。文章阐述了当今存在的四种观点学说， 然后在最后研究分析受害人提起施约之诉相比侵权之诉会有更大的胜诉贷间， 因为举证肃任轻加之我国的违约责任理论相对完善，笔者希望i醒过对比分析， 以期达到维护当事人的合法利益的阔的。 本文的目的不仅是简单介绍倒签提单的概念和特点，也不仅是为了解决怎 样预防倒签提单在实务中出现的疑难问题，而是希望通过研究倒签提单的法律 性质以把握我国《海商法)) ，从而促成《海商法》关于提单制度的规范化、合理 化，推动提单的发展。 关键词z 倒签提单:侵权责任:边约责任;提单欺诈 .II Abstract . I I ABSTRACT The status of bill of lading is very important in intemational trading，it not only resolve the difficulty on understand the other party s honesty during the trading 伽at two parties are in different countries，but also provide convenience to two parties for financing. 丁he liabiIity of a caπier is the core of Maritime Transport law. The reason that business rnan and bank widely accept bill of lading till now is the certainty， stability and allocating risk and responsibility fairly on irnplernenting bi11 of lading. It is still not c1arified the legal nature of antidated bill of lading，based on the rnultiple natures of bill of lading，antidated bill of lading also have multiple natures. The third paragraph in this article states five theories nowadays，then the author will illustrate aggrieved party instituting a proceeding for breach of contract is better than tort，since the burden of proof is slight and the theory of breach of contract is rnuch complete. The author wish try his best to assert parties right. The pu叩ose of this article is not only introducing the concept and feature of anti-dated bill of lading，it is not only for resolving the problem that how to prevent antí-dated bill of lading raised in practice，the real aim ?s the author hope understand Maritirne law and prornote developrnent on Maritirne law regarding systern of bíll of lading according to study th