高分子薄膜的提拉法制备及成膜机理研究-化学专业论文.docxVIP

东 东华大学硕士学位论文 高分子薄膜的提拉法制备及成膜机理研究 II II 面连续化制备大尺寸薄膜或涂层。 （3）我们通过系统研究 PVA 水溶液在 PDMS 和硅表面的成膜机 理。发现了纳米膜厚度与提拉速度的关系，在高的拉伸速率下，膜厚 符合 Landau-Levich 理论，但表现出系数的显著差别；在低的拉伸速 率下，膜厚与提拉过程无关。我们揭示了薄膜制备过程中两个决定因 素，即在高速下由液膜厚度决定，在低速下由挥发速率决定。 （4）我们研究了不同溶液浓度对高分子薄膜厚度的影响。我们 发现通过合理地控制溶液浓度，采用浸渍提拉法可以很好地制备出厚 度为 20-500nm 范围的薄膜。结合提拉速率控制和溶液浓度控制，可 以实现薄膜厚度的精确控制，在固体表面形成厚度均匀可控的薄膜。 基于细致的研究结果，我们最终提出了高分子溶液在提拉过程中成膜 的微观机理。 关键词：高分子薄膜、固体表面、浸渍提拉法、PVA PAGE PAGE IV FABRICATION OF POLYMER FILM BY DIP-COATING METHOD AND FILM-FORING MECHANISM INVESTIGATION ABSTRACT Recently, polymer thin film has becoming an idea material that could be widely used in biomedicine, photoelectronics, sensor, energy, catalyst and other fields. Particularly, coating and fabrication of polymer nano film on top of solid has gained remark interest of researchers. In this thesis, we took PVA water solution as example, we prepared PVA films on various substrates, and final we proposed the mechanism of film forming in microscopic. We systematically studied film forming on solid surface with various surface morphology and chemical properties, including superhydrophobic substrate, superhydrophilic substrate, super-lubricating substrate, hydrophobic and hydrophilic smooth substrate. We suggested the major advantage of dip-coating overcoming other methods, and relative mechanism. Our main results involves: Due to the intrinsic anti-affinity properties of both superhydrophobic surface and super-lubricating surface, liquid is rather difficult to spread and form continuous film above them. In contrast, superhydrophilic surface exhibited excellent properties for assisting film formation, and on which we can obtain films through all kinds of film forming methods. Therefore, introducing roughness on top of hydrophilic solid will greatly enhance the possibility of film formation. On top of smooth solid, no matter hydrophilic or hydrophobic, we can force the wetting of liquid on it by dip-coating method, and ev