高产粮区不同施肥模式下农田氮素损失途径及水氮利用效率研究-以桓台县为例-环境科学专业论文.docxVIP

PAGE PAGE 4 高产粮区不同施肥模式下农田氮素损失途径及水氮利用效率分析—以桓台县为例 CRF accumulated in soil layer of 60cm to 180cm. During the wheat growth season, the amounts of NO3- –N under OPT, OPTM and CRF reduced to 35%, 59% and 70% of FP. Based on field experiment, water and N management model (WNMM) was calibrated and validated, the results indicated that the simulated soil water content and nitrate content were both agreed well with the measured values. Thus, the model could be used to simulate the soil water and N transport in the study area. During the maize growth season, the main sources of water loss were evapotranspiration and leakage, the difference of evapotranspiration among the six fertilizer treatments was not significant and the leakage of water under OPT was the lowest; The results indicated that the ratio of nitrate leaching and NH3 volatilization accounting of fertilizer N ranged from 6% to 18% and 5% to 34%, respectively, and the amount of N leaching under OPT was 14.5 kg hm-2, was the lowest in all treatments, but the amount of NH3 volatilization under CRT were 7.6 kg hm-2, respectively, was the lowest in all treatments. During the wheat growth season, the main source of water loss was evapotranspiration, and the results indicated that the ratio of NH3 volatilization accounting of fertilizer N ranged from 7% to 16%. The order of total N loss under six treatments was following as: FP OPT OPTM CRFM CRFCK. The OPT and CRT treatments both are the best management practices considering their high grain yield, water and nitrogen use efficiencies, and environmental protection. Key words: summer maize; winter wheat; different fertilizer treatments; water and nitrogen management model; nitrate leaching; gaseous emission 符 号 说 明 kg：Kilogram，千克 kg·hm-1：Kilogram·Hectare，千克每公顷 WNMM：Water and N management model，水氮管理模型 NO3??N：Nitrate nitrogen，硝态氮 N2O：Nitrous oxide，氧化亚氮 TDM：Total dry matter，地上部干物重 LAI：Leaf area index，叶面积指数 关于学位论文原创性和使用授权的声明 本人所呈交的学位论文，是在导师指导下，独立进行科学研究所取得 的成果。对在论文研究期间给