普通语言学 1.pptVIP

About LANGUAGE 斯蒂芬·格奥尔格（德国最受推崇的象征主义诗人，开辟了德国象征主义的先河） 《词语》 我把遥远的奇迹或梦想带到我的疆域边缘? 期待着远古女神降临在她的渊源深处发现名称——? 我于是把它掌握，严密而结实穿越整个边界，万物欣荣生辉……? 一度幸运的漫游，我达到她的领地带着一颗宝石，它丰富而细腻 她久久地掂量，然后向我昭示：“如此，在渊源深处一无所有”? 那宝石因此逸离我的双手我的疆域再没有把宝石赢获……? 我于是哀伤地学会了弃绝词语破碎处，无物可存在。 海德格尔（Martin Heidegger，德国哲学家，在现象学、存在主义、解构主义、诠释学、后现代主义、政治理论、心理学及神学有举足轻重的影响）认为 “这行诗专门把语言之词语和语言本身带向语言而表达出来了，并且关于词与物之间的关系有所道说。” Question: how much do we really understand the nature of language and its role in our life? 语言是生活的化身 ----德谟克利特(Greek philosopher) 我的言语高高飞起，我的思想滞留地下；没有思想的言语永远不会上升天界 -------莎士比亚 It is with language as with manners: they are both established by the usage of people of fashion —Lord Chesterfield (18th British statesman, writer) Language is a city, to the building of which every human being brings a stone —R. W. Emerson (American thinker, writer) Language is the dress of thought ----S. Johnson (British writer) Languages, like our bodies, are in a perpetual flux, and stand in need of recruits to supply those words which are continually falling into disuse —C. C. Felton (the 20th president of Harvard College) In language, the ignorant have prescribed laws to the learned -----R. Duppa (British artist, writer) After all, when you come right down to it, how many people speak the same language even when they speak the same language? ------Russell Hoban (American writer) Language can refer to: Language, a set of symbols of communication and the elements used to manipulate them Human language, a language primarily intended for communication between humans Natural language, a language used naturally by humans Artificial language, a language created for a specific purpose Constructed language, an artificial language for communication between humans Engineered language, devised to te