基于GIS与RS的中国西北地区NDVI时空变化特征及其对区域气候变化的响应-自然地理学专业论文.docxVIP

3.6 西北地区气温、降水时空变化特征 ·····························································24 3.7 西北地区植被和气候变化相关性分析 ·························································28 3.7.1 气候变化对植被绿度期的影响····························································28 3.7.2 植被和气温变化相关性空间分布························································29 3.7.3 植被和降水变化相关性空间分布························································30 3.7.4 气温和降水对植被变化的综合作用分析 ············································30 3.8 西北地区生长季节植被和气候变化关系回归分析······································32 3.9 西北地区植被随气候变化的滞后性分析 ·····················································36 3.9.1 返青期植被随气候变化的滞后性························································36 3.9.2 成长期植被随气候变化的滞后性························································37 4 结论和讨论·············································································································38 4.1 主要的结论······································································································38 4.2 问题与展望······································································································40 参考文献：················································································································ 41 致 谢 ····················································································································· 48 摘 要 全球气候变暖使区域气候发生变化，在此背景下研究区域地表过程的相关 理论对区域生态环境及经济建设具有重大意义。相对全球气候变化而言，区域 气候的时空特征和变化规律更加显著，这样使区域发生的地表过程特性和规律 性也就更容易把握。利用 RS 数据源全天候、多时相的特点，整合 GIS 空间分 析技术分析中国西北地区地表 NDVI 的时空变化规律，以了解中国西北地区 NDVI 变化的一些基本事实和特征，同时对 NDVI 与区域气候间的耦合性做了 分析和阐述，为揭示气候转型期中国西北地区 NDVI 的变化特征做进一步探索。 本文以此为出发点，选择陕、甘、宁、青、新、内蒙西部作为研究区域， 以 NDVI 和气温、降水为研究对象，利用 GIS 和 RS 技术来分析 1982-2006a 西 北地区 NDVI 变化的时空特征，并与同期的气温、降水的相关性、滞后性、回 归性、及其二者对 NDVI 的综合作用做了详细的分析。工具平台为:ARCGIS 9、 ENVI 4、ORIGIN 8。 经过初步研究得出以下结论：（1）近 25a 来植被 NDVI 呈微弱上升趋势， 变化过程分两个阶段 1982-1994a 和 1995-2006a，NDVI 的线性变化趋势分别为 0.01%/10a 和 0.03%/10a。春季 20 世纪