基于FSAE整车动力学仿真的车架CAE分析及优化-车辆工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 车架作为 FSAE 赛车最重要的零部件之一，它是 FSAE 赛车大部分零部件和 总成的载体，支撑着发动机、转向器、油箱和驾驶员等所有簧上质量的有关机件。 车架的功能是支撑连接 FSAE 赛车的各零部件，并承受来自车内外的各种载荷, 为此车架应该具有足够的强度、合适的刚度、合理的动态特性和轻量化度。 本文使用 ADAMS/car 虚拟样机仿真软件建立 FSAE 赛车的整车动力学模型， 对 FSAE 赛车进行多工况仿真，结合比赛相关要求和规定，求出 FSAE 赛车在各 个工况下的不同部件与车架连接点的受力；在此基础上使用 ANSYS 有限元分析 软件对 FSAE 赛车车架进行有限元强度、刚度和模态分析；最后，对车架进行优 化，得到安全性更高、操稳性更好和轻量化度更高的 FSAE 赛车，并为 FSAE 赛 车的再设计提供理论依据和建议。 通过对 FSAE 赛车车架的有限元分析，对车架的强度、刚度和模态特性进行 了校核，车架各工况的最大应力均小于材料的许用应力，车架的固有频率在赛车 的非共振区内，因此车架的强度和模态特性无需优化；车架的刚度存在优化的空 间，进而对车架的刚度进行优化设计，从而使车架具备更高的刚度，提高 FSAE 赛车抵抗变形的能力和操纵稳定性。 关键词：方程式赛车车架，ADAMS/car，ANSYS，静力学分析，模态分析 Abstract As one of the principal parts, the frame is the FSAE racing car carrier of most of the parts and assemblies, it supports the related parts of all sprung mass, such as engine, deflector, tank and driver and so on, meanwhile it receive the different kinds of force and moment which all sprung mass hand down to. Wherefore, the frame should have adequate strength, appropriate stiffness, reasonable dynamic behavior and light-weight degree. In this paper ADAMS/car virtual prototype simulation software is used to establish the entire car dynamics model of FSAE racing car, some simulation of multi-condition simulation for FSAE racing car is done, combined with related requirements and regulations, and the stress of different parts and frame conjunction at each condition of FSAE racing car is determined; then ANSYS finite element analysis software is used to proceed the analyses of finite element strength, stiffness and modality for FSAE racing car; in the end the frame is optimized to get the FSAE racing car which have higher security, better handling stability and higher light-weight degree, meanwhile provide theoretical basis and suggest. According to the finite element analysis of FSAE racing car, in this paper the strength, stiffness and modality of the frame is checked, in different conditions the maximum stress of the frame is less than the material permissible stress; and the inherent freque