波特五力模型.doc

山东财经大学东方学院本科毕业论文（设计） PAGE 15 - 波特五力模型研究综述 摘要:企业战略管理是企业确定其使命，根据外部环境和内部条件设定企业的战略目标，为保证目标的正确落实和实现进行谋划，并依靠企业内部能力将这种谋划和决策付诸实施，以及在实施过程中进行控制的一个动态管理过程。而波特五力模型主要用于企业竞争战略的分析，决定企业盈利能力的首要和根本因素是产业的吸引力。因此，竞争战略一定是源于对决定产业吸引力的竞争规律的深刻理解，竞争战略的最终目标是运用这些规律或根据企业的利益来理想地加以改变。任何产业，无论是国内或国际的，无论生产产品或提供服务，竞争规律都将体现在五种竞争作用力当中，所以本文主要对波特五力模型这一理论发展的背景、原因、过程及不断完善和实际应用等进行深入分析。 关键字：供应商 购买者 潜在竞争者 替代品 行业内竞争者 Abstract  Strategic Enterprise Management is to determine its mission, according to the external environment and internal conditions set the corporate strategic objectives to ensure that target the correct implementation and realization of the plan, and rely on the internal capacity to the planning and decision-making implemented, as well as in control of a dynamic management process in the implementation process. Porters five forces model for corporate competitive strategy analysis, to determine the profitability of the business first and fundamental factor is the attractiveness of the industry. Competitive strategy must be derived from a deep understanding of the law of competition determine industry attractiveness, competitive strategy, the ultimate goal is to apply these laws, or the interests of the corporate ideal to be changed. Any industry, whether domestic or international, regardless of production of goods or services, competition law will be reflected in the five competitive forces which BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In this paper, Porters five forces model of this theory, the causes, processes and constantly improve and practical application of in-depth analysis. Key words: Suppliers Purchaser Potential competitors Alternatives Competitors in the industry 1 绪 论 1.1 研究的意义 竞争是企业成败的关键。竞争决定对企业经营业绩有所贡献的各种活动是否适当，例如创新、有凝聚力的文化或者有效的实施。竞争战略是要在竞争发生的产业宏观舞台上追求一种理想的地位。它旨在针对决定产业竞争的各作用力建立有力的、持久的地位。而波特五力模型对企业战略制定会产生全球性的深远影响。它主要用于竞争战略的分析，可以有效的分析客户的竞争环境。波特认为，公司环境中最关键的部分是与公司发生竞争的某几个产业。产业结构强烈地影响着竞争规则的确立以及公司的战略选择，其特征决定了竞争作用力的强弱，进而决定了