多元醇体系中无机纳米材料及微晶的合成研究无机化学专业论文.docxVIP

中国科学技术大学博士学位论文ABSTRACT 中国科学技术大学博士学位论文 ABSTRACT In this dissertation，solvothermal technique and chemical solution preparative method for the synthesis of inorganic materials were developed．In polyol systems， multiply twinned metal particles with five·-fold symmetry,tetrapod-like and leaf-like chalcogenides were firstly fabricated．Sulfide nanofiber and metastable carbonate were also successfully synthesized．The main points can be summarized as follows： 1．Low temperature solvothermal technique was developed．Metastable vaterite was synthesized in polyol system while the particle size could be controlled by varying the reaction conditions．By employing ethylene glycol，l，2-propanediol and glycerin as the solvents，reaction of calcium chloride with urea was investigated．A possible mechanism for vaterite crystal growing and stabilizing in polyols under solvothermal conditions was proposed．Polyols was found to acting not only as the promoter in vaterite formation but also as the stabilizer of vaterite．Based on this work，Vaterite thin film was successfully deposited on glass substrate．The optimal condition for producing uniform vaterite film was given while several techniques were employed to characterize the film Carefully contr01 of the solution chemistry allows control over particle size as well as the thickness of the film．A possible mechanism for the formation of vaterite films on glass substrate was proposed． 2． Chemical solution preparative method was developed．Nano．fibrillar Bi2S1 was prepared at low temperature in the presence of anionic surfactant CtTH33COOK．TEM technique was employed to monitor the forrnation process of BizS3 nanofiber，which confirmed that the formation process could be well explained by the accordion．1ike folding mechanism．It was found that the micelles formed by Cl 7H33COOK and ethylene glycol may direct the crystal growth and thus leading to the formation of llano．fibrillar Bi2S1．The structure of surfactant micelle structure was relatively stable