生产与运作管理2.pdf

生产与运作管理 生产与运作管理 Production and Operations Production and Operations Management Management 第二章 第二章 设施设计 Design of Facilities Design of Facilities 2 第二章 设施与作业设计 （Design of Facilities and Jobs ） 设施位置选择（ Facility Location ） 设施布置（ Facility Layout ） *作业设计（Job Design ） 3 第一节 设施位置选择 （Facility Location ） 设施位置决策（Decision ） 设施位置选择的因素（Considerations ） 设施位置分析方法（Methods ） 4 In General - Location Decisions Long-term decisions Difficult to reverse Affect fixed variable costs – Transportation cost » As much as 25% of product price – Other costs: Taxes, wages, rent etc. Objective: Maximize benefit of location to firm 5 Industrial Location Decisions Cost focus – Revenue varies little between locations Location is a major cost factor – Affects shipping production costs (e.g., labor) – Costs vary greatly between locations 6 Service Location Decisions Revenue focus – Costs vary little between market areas Location is a major revenue factor – Affects amount of customer contact – Affects volume of business 7 Location Decisio