重工业向现代服务业的转型.pdf

TRANSFORMATION OF HEAVY INDUSTRIES TOWARDS MODERN SERVICE INDUSTRY 重工业向现代服务业的转变 HOW TO REGENERATE THE LOCAL ECONOMY WITH NEW INDUSTRIES WHEN THE MINES CLOSE DOWN 关闭矿井后，如何通过新行业振兴当地经济 Changshang, China 中国，长沙 CONTENTS 目录 1. HEAVY INDUSTRIES 重工业 2. DEFINITIONS 定义 3. MINE CLOSURE 关闭矿井 4. POST MINING LAND USE 原采矿土地的利用 5. INVESTMENT PROMOTION IN MINING AREAS 促进 采矿区的投资 6. COAL INDUSTRY RESTRUCTURING: EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE 重组煤炭行业：欧洲经验 7. CASE STUDY: ASTURIAS, SPAIN 案例研究：西班牙 阿斯图里亚斯 8. GUIDELINES指导方针 9. CONCLUSIONS结论 HEAVY INDUSTRIES重工业 HEAVY INDUSTRIES: PRIMARY SECTOR (STEEL MAKING, MINING, SHIPBUILDING,…) 重工业：主要行业（炼钢、采矿、造船……） BLAMED FOR POLLUTION 造成污染 LARGE FACILITIES, i.e. LARGE INDUSTRIAL GROUNDS 大型设施，例如占用大量工业用地 BIG EMPLOYERS, MANY UNSKILLED WORKERS 企业规模庞大，许多工人缺乏技术 MAIN ECONOMICAL ACTIVITY IN THE AREA 当地主要的经济活动 Düsseldorf, 1953 DEFINITIONS定义 RESTRUCTURING 重组 PROCESS OF FINANCIAL RECOVERY, REORGANISATION AND REORIENTATION OF AN INDUSTRIAL SECTOR OR ENTERPRISE. IT AIMS TO REDUCE COST AND REDEPLOY CAPACITY IN THE SHORT TERM TO ENABLE CORPORATE VIABILITY OVER THE MEDIUM TERM. IN SOME CASES, THE ONLY REALISTIC OUTPUT OF RESTRUCTURING IS CLOSURE 工业部门或企业经济复苏、重组和重新定位的过程。其目的是短期内降低企业成本并重新部署资源，以提 高企业长期发展的生命力。在某些情况下，重组唯一的现实出路就是停业关闭。 REGENERATION 重建 PROCESSES INVOLVED IN THE ECONOMIC RENEWAL OF AREAS, PARTICULARLY THOSE AFFECTED BY THE LOSS OF JOBS THROUGH THE RESTRUCTURING OR CLOSURE OF FORMER EMPLOYERS 重建地区经济的过程，特别是受企业重组或关闭影响而造成严重失业现象的地区的经济重建。 RECONVERSION 复原 ADAPTING AN AREA TO EXISTING AND FUTURE ECONOMIC FORCES, SO THAT OVER THE LONG TERM, THE INHABITANTS AND COMMUNITIES CAN EXPECT LASTING AND EQUITABLY DISTRIBUTED JOB OPPORTUNITIES 调整地区适应现有或未来的经济力量，使居民和社区能长期地获得持续、公平的就